Increasing Inhomogeneity of the Global Oceans
Increasing Inhomogeneity of the Global Oceans
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DOI：
10.1029/2021gl097598
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发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Q. Ren;Young‐Oh Kwon;Jiayan Yang;R. Huang;Yuanlong Li;Fan Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Q. Ren;Young‐Oh Kwon;Jiayan Yang;R. Huang;Yuanlong Li;Fan Wang
海洋的水文特性是不均匀的，有各种各样的水团。然而，这种不均匀性是如何在快速变化的气候中演变的还没有研究。使用多个观测和再分析数据集，我们表明，自1960年以来，全球海洋的空间标准差（SSD）在温度和盐度方面分别增加了1.4 ± 0.1%和1.5 ± 0.1%。一个新定义的温盐不均匀性指数，一个全面衡量温度和盐度变化的指标，增加了2.4 ± 0.1%。气候模式模拟表明，观测到的海洋不均匀性增加主要是人为强迫，预计在2015-2100年期间将加速200%-300%。从地理上看，中低纬度上层海洋的快速变暖主导了温度不均匀性的增加，而盐度不均匀性的增加主要是由于副热带和副极地纬度之间的盐度差异扩大。
The ocean is inhomogeneous in hydrographic properties with diverse water masses. Yet, how this inhomogeneity has evolved in a rapidly changing climate has not been investigated. Using multiple observational and reanalysis datasets, we show that the spatial standard deviation (SSD) of the global ocean has increased by 1.4 ± 0.1% in temperature and 1.5 ± 0.1% in salinity since 1960. A newly defined thermohaline inhomogeneity index, a holistic measure of both temperature and salinity changes, has increased by 2.4 ± 0.1%. Climate model simulations suggest that the observed ocean inhomogeneity increase is dominated by anthropogenic forcing and projected to accelerate by 200%–300% during 2015–2100. Geographically, the rapid upper‐ocean warming at mid‐to‐low latitudes dominates the temperature inhomogeneity increase, while the increasing salinity inhomogeneity is mainly due to the amplified salinity contrast between the subtropical and subpolar latitudes.