Decreased resistance and increased tolerance to native herbivores of the invasive plant Sapium sebiferum
Decreased resistance and increased tolerance to native herbivores of the invasive plant Sapium sebiferum
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0906-7590.2008.05540.x
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发表时间：
2008-10
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Jianwen Zou;E. Siemann;W. E. Rogers;S. DeWalt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jianwen Zou;E. Siemann;W. E. Rogers;S. DeWalt
天敌的释放可能有利于入侵植物进化出与草食动物抗性降低和引入范围内更快生长相关的特征。考虑到抗性和耐受性之间的遗传权衡，入侵植物也可能变得比原生范围内的同种植物更能耐受草食。我们利用中国本土种群和北美入侵种群的种子，在乌贼原生范围内进行了田间普通花园研究，以比较它们的生长和对草食的抗性。我们还进行了笼式盆栽实验，比较了它们对在中国地区黑胸天牛树上的专性取食者圆头金龟子的抗性和耐性。普通园林研究结果表明，入侵种群的乌贼幼苗比本地种群更容易受到本地食草动物的攻击。入侵种群的生长和叶片损伤显著高于本地种群。杀虫剂喷雾对入侵种群的生长没有显著影响，但有利于本地种群的生长。在生物测定试验中，当甲虫可以在入侵种群和本地种群之间进行选择时，甲虫优先消耗入侵种群的叶组织。生物量叶片损害率的回归表明，入侵种群比本地种群更有效地耐受食草性。我们的结果表明，引种范围内的黑胸草对专业食草动物的抗性较低，但耐受性较高。这两种防御战略都可能是对在引入的范围内逃离天敌的回应。
Release from natural enemies may favor invasive plants evolving traits associated with reduced herbivore-resistance and faster-growth in introduced ranges. Given a genetic trade-off between resistance and tolerance, invasive plants could also become more tolerant to herbivory than conspecifics in the native range. We conducted a field common garden study in the native range of Sapium sebiferum using seeds from native Chinese populations and invasive North American populations to compare their growth and herbivory resistance. We also performed a cage-pot experiment to compare their resistance and tolerance to Bikasha collaris beetles that are specialist feeders on S. sebiferum trees in China. Results of the common garden study showed that Sapium seedlings of invasive populations relative to native populations were more frequently attacked by native herbivores. Growth and leaf damage were significantly higher for invasive populations than for native populations. Growth of invasive populations was not significantly affected by insecticide spray, but insecticide spray benefited that of native populations. In the bioassay trial, beetles preferentially consumed leaf tissue of invasive populations compared to native populations when beetles had a choice between them. Regression of percent leaf damage on biomass showed that invasive populations tolerated herbivory more effectively than native populations. Our results suggest that S. sebiferum from the introduced range had lower resistance but higher tolerance to specialist herbivores. Both defense strategies could have evolved as a response to the escape from natural enemies in the introduced range.