Home vaccination for children behind in their immunisation schedule: a randomised controlled trial
Home vaccination for children behind in their immunisation schedule: a randomised controlled trial
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DOI：
10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb141411.x
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发表时间：
1998-05-18
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Lester, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bond, LM;Nolan, TM;Lester, RA
目的：确定家庭疫苗接种服务对接种计划落后儿童的有效性。设计：护士在家接种疫苗的随机对照试验。在与父母进行任何接触之前，孩子们被随机分配到干预组和对照组。环境：位于墨尔本西北部的10个议会区，由56个邮政编码区划分。1996年11月起为期六周的干预期。参与者：405名儿童-所有在研究区域的儿童（n=2610），根据澳大利亚儿童免疫登记，他们第三次接种白喉-破伤风-百日咳/脊髓灰质炎/ B型流感嗜血杆菌（DTP/OPV/Hib）疫苗晚90天（9个月），或麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹（MMR）疫苗晚120天（16个月）。主要结局指标：在干预期间完成百白破/口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗/Hib疫苗或MMR疫苗接种的儿童人数，以及干预前的最新人数。结果：与父母核实疫苗接种情况显示，干预组有123名（60%）儿童及时接种疫苗，对照组有113名（56%）儿童及时接种疫苗，研究人群为81名（干预组）和88名（对照组）。46名（57%）干预儿童和24名（27%）对照儿童接种疫苗（风险比[RR]， 2.08; 95% CI, 1.4-3.1； P< 0.001）。DTP/OPV/Hib疫苗接种干预儿童为18/32(56%)，对照组为12/36 (33%)（P= 0.06）。接种MMR疫苗的儿童分别为28/49（57%）和12/52 （23%）
Objective: To ascertain the effectiveness of a home vaccination service for children behind in their vaccination schedule.Design: Randomised controlled trial of nurse-administered vaccination at home. Children were allocated at random to the intervention or the control group before any contact with the parents was made.Setting: 10 council areas in north-west metropolitan Melbourne defined by 56 postcode zones. Six-week intervention period from November 1996.Participants: 405 children - all those in the study area (n=2610) 90 days late (age 9 months) for their third diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis/poliomyelitis/Haemophilus influenzae type B (DTP/OPV/Hib) vaccination, or 120 days late (age 16 months) for their measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination, according to the Australian Childhood Immunisation Register.Main outcome measures: Number of children completing DTP/OPV/Hib or MMR during the intervention period, and number up to date before intervention.Results: Verification of vaccination status with the parents revealed that 123 (60%) of the children in the intervention group and 113 (56%) of those in the control group were up to date with their vaccinations, leaving a study population of 81 (intervention group) and 88 (control group). Vaccination was achieved in 46 (57%) intervention children and 24 (27%) control children (risk ratio [RR], 2.08; 95% CI, 1.4-3.1; P< 0.001). For DTP/OPV/Hib, 18/32 (56%) intervention children and 12/36 (33%) control children were vaccinated (P= 0.06). For MMR, 28/49 (57%) and 12/52 (23%) children were vaccinated, respectively (P