MEASURING LIFELINE SYSTEM PERFORMANCE: HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS IN RECENT EARTHQUAKES
MEASURING LIFELINE SYSTEM PERFORMANCE: HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS IN RECENT EARTHQUAKES
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测量生命线系统性能：近期地震中的公路运输系统
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Nojima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Nojima
工程结构和系统的抗震性能标准的讨论涉及如何最好地测量性能的问题。此外，对灾后系统中断和恢复情况的简要衡量有助于评估随之而来的经济影响和对各种事件进行比较。由于网络和空间特征、用户的多样性以及灾后反应和恢复生命线服务的关键性，生命线系统性能的测量特别复杂。本文讨论了生命线系统性能的测量，重点是在美国和日本的三个最近的城市地震灾害的公路系统中断-1989年洛马普列塔，1994年北岭，和1995年兵库县南部（科比）地震。提出了几种替代措施的物理性能的公路系统，实施，并进行了比较。本文进一步分析了这些措施与北岭和科比观测到的交通状况之间的相关性。结果表明，一些措施可能有利于进一步研究公路地震破坏的经济影响。
Discussion of seismic performance standards for engineered structures and systems involves the issue of how to best measure performance. Moreover, summary measures of post-disaster system disruption and recovery are useful for evaluating the ensuing economic impact and for making comparisons across events. Measurement of lifeline system performance is particularly complex because of network and spatial characteristics, the multiplicity of users, and the critical nature of lifeline services for post-disaster response and recovery. This paper addresses the measurement of lifeline system performance by focusing on highway system disruption in three recent urban earthquake disasters in the U.S. and Japan -- the 1989 Loma Prieta, 1994 Northridge, and 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu (Kobe) earthquakes. Several alternative measures of the physical performance of highway systems are proposed, implemented, and compared. The paper further analyzes the correlation between these measures and observed traffic conditions in Northridge and Kobe. Results suggest that some measures may be used advantageously in further study of the economic impact of highway damage in earthquakes.