Who Gets Measles in Europe?
Who Gets Measles in Europe?
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/jir067
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发表时间：
2011-07-15
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Muscat, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muscat, Mark
背景。由于疫苗接种覆盖率不理想，欧洲麻疹疫情持续发生。本文旨在描述麻疹易感个体：并概述2005-2009年欧洲发生麻疹传播的受影响群体和公共环境。方法。根据导致不接种疫苗和疫苗失败的因素对麻疹易感个体进行了描述和分类。进行了文献检索，以确定发生麻疹传播的受影响群体和公共场所。结果。大多数易感麻疹的人以前未受过感染，也未接种过疫苗。有资格接种疫苗的个人不接种疫苗的原因包括缺乏信息和难以获得医疗保健。罗姆人和辛提人、游民、人智和极端正统犹太社区已经爆发了几起疫情，移民认为他们面临的风险尤其大。传播的公共场所主要包括教育和医疗保健设施。结论。需要加大力度加强免疫规划，查明麻疹疫苗接种的障碍，并探索针对常规免疫接种服务无法覆盖的弱势群体的方法。需要采取具体措施在教育和医疗机构中预防和控制麻疹。未能确定谁感染麻疹并实施消除战略，引发了人们对欧洲成功和可持续消除麻疹的担忧。
Background. Measles outbreaks continue to occur in Europe as a result of suboptimum vaccination coverage. This article aims to describe individuals susceptible to measles:and provide an overview of affected groups and the public settings in which measles transmission occurred in Europe in 2005-2009.Methods. Individuals susceptible to measles were described and categorized on the basis of factors leading to nonvaccination and vaccine failure. A literature search was conducted to identify affected groups and public settings in which measles transmission occurred.Results. Most individuals susceptible to measles are previously uninfected and unvaccinated. The reasons for nonvaccination in individuals eligible for vaccination ranged from lack of information to poor access to health care. Several outbreaks have emerged in Roma and Sinti, Traveller, anthroposophic, and ultra-orthodox Jewish communities, and immigrants identifying them as being particularly at risk. Public settings for transmission included mostly educational and health care facilities.Conclusions. Improved efforts are needed to strengthen immunization programs, identify barriers for measles-containing vaccine uptake, and explore methods to target vulnerable populations that are not being reached with routine immunization delivery services. Specific measures are needed to prevent and control measles in educational and health care facilities. Failure to identify who gets measles and implement the elimination strategies raises concerns for the successful and sustainable elimination of measles in Europe.