The role of anger and ongoing stressors in mental health following a natural disaster
The role of anger and ongoing stressors in mental health following a natural disaster
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DOI：
10.1177/0004867414565478
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Bryant, Richard A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forbes, David;Alkemade, Nathan;Bryant, Richard A.
目的：研究已经确定了灾难后的心理健康后遗症，目前的研究重点是了解介导这些结果的因素。这项研究的重点是愤怒、酒精、随后的生活压力和创伤性事件在2009年黑色星期六森林大火（澳大利亚100多年来最严重的自然灾害）后心理健康障碍发展中的中介作用。方法：本研究调查了来自25个社区的1017名（M = 404, F = 613）成年居民的数据，这些居民受火灾的影响程度不同，并参与了Beyond Bushfires研究。数据包括火灾暴露、创伤后应激障碍、抑郁症、酗酒、愤怒以及随后的主要生活压力和创伤事件。结构方程模型评估了火灾暴露对心理健康结果的中介因素的影响。结果：检验了三个中介模型。最终模型拟合良好，并观察到灾害暴露与心理健康结果之间的直接关系（b = .192, p < .001），以及通过愤怒（b = .102, p < .001）和主要生活压力源（b = .128, p < .001）的中介关系。各性别进行多组分析比较，虽然中介关系对两种性别仍然显著，但暴露与结果之间的直接关系对男性不再显著（p = 0.069），但对女性仍然显著（b = 0.234, p < 0.001）。结论：重要的是，愤怒和主要生活压力源介导了灾害暴露与心理健康问题发展的关系。研究结果对评估灾后愤怒、提供有针对性的以愤怒为重点的干预措施以及提供政府和社区援助和支持以解决灾后持续的压力源，以尽量减少随后的心理健康后果具有重要意义。
Objective: Research has established the mental health sequelae following disaster, with studies now focused on understanding factors that mediate these outcomes. This study focused on anger, alcohol, subsequent life stressors and traumatic events as mediators in the development of mental health disorders following the 2009 Black Saturday Bushfires, Australia's worst natural disaster in over 100 years.Method: This study examined data from 1017 (M = 404, F = 613) adult residents across 25 communities differentially affected by the fires and participating in the Beyond Bushfires research study. Data included measures of fire exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, alcohol abuse, anger and subsequent major life stressors and traumatic events. Structural equation modeling assessed the influence of factors mediating the effects of fire exposure on mental health outcomes.Results: Three mediation models were tested. The final model recorded excellent fit and observed a direct relationship between disaster exposure and mental health outcomes (b = .192, p < .001) and mediating relationships via Anger (b = .102, p < .001) and Major Life Stressors (b = .128, p < .001). Each gender was compared with multiple group analyses and while the mediation relationships were still significant for both genders, the direct relationship between exposure and outcome was no longer significant for men (p = .069), but remained significant (b = .234, p < .001) for women.Conclusions: Importantly, anger and major life stressors mediate the relationship between disaster exposure and development of mental health problems. The findings have significant implications for the assessment of anger post disaster, the provision of targeted anger-focused interventions and delivery of government and community assistance and support in addressing ongoing stressors in the post-disaster context to minimize subsequent mental health consequences.