Democratising platform governance in the sharing economy: An analytical framework and initial empirical insights
Democratising platform governance in the sharing economy: An analytical framework and initial empirical insights
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.123
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发表时间：
2017-11-10
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Klapper, Rita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martin, Chris J.;Upham, Paul;Klapper, Rita
关于 Airbnb 和 Uber 等共享经济平台负面影响的争议日益激烈，人们呼吁建立更加民主的平台治理模式。民主治理模式的倡导者声称，这些可以通过确保平台在资本主义经济的工具价值之外促进社会和环境价值，从而有助于创建更可持续的共享经济。为了探索这一主张，我们将平台治理、民主组织治理和社会技术系统中的价值观制定理论结合起来，为分析新兴的平台治理民主模式提供了一个概念框架。应用这个框架，我们提出了一个以 Freegle 为重点的混合方法案例研究，该平台使人们能够在当地赠送不需要的消费品，也是极少数能够大规模维持民主治理模式的平台之一。我们特别探讨了平台用户和所有者的社会、环境和工具价值在 Freegle 治理中得到多大程度的体现。我们的研究结果广泛支持民主平台治理倡导者提出的主张，尽管在弗里格尔的案例中，社会和环境价值观比工具价值观得到了更好的适应。虽然我们从可持续发展的角度对民主平台治理模式的潜力持谨慎乐观的态度，但我们强调，实施这些模式的人可能会面临重大挑战；这些模式应该得到政府对共享经济的监管的补充。 (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
The growing controversy around the adverse impacts of sharing economy platforms, including Airbnb and Uber, has led to calls for more democratic models of platform governance. Advocates of democratic governance models claim that these could help to create a more sustainable sharing economy by ensuring that platforms promote social and environmental values alongside the instrumental values of the capitalist economy. Exploring this claim we bring together theories of platform governance, democratic organisational governance and the enactment of values in socio-technical systems, offering a conceptual framework for analysing emerging democratic models of platform governance. Applying this framework, we present a mixed methods case study focused on Freegle, a platform that enables people to gift unwanted consumer goods locally and one of very few platforms to have sustained a democratic governance model at scale. In particular, we explore the extent to which the social, environmental and instrumental values of platform users and owners have been accommodated in the governance of Freegle. Our findings are broadly supportive of the claims made by advocates of democratic platform governance, although in Freegle's case social and environmental values are rather better accommodated than instrumental values. While we are cautiously optimistic about the potential from a sustainability perspective of democratic platform governance models, we emphasise that major challenges are likely to be faced by those implementing these; and that such models should be complemented by government regulation of the sharing economy. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.