Effects of cigarette smoking and abstinence on stroop task performance
Effects of cigarette smoking and abstinence on stroop task performance
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00213-007-0869-x
复制
发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
London, Edythe D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Domier, Catherine P.;Monterosso, John R.;London, Edythe D.
理由：吸烟者报告吸烟后注意力增强，戒烟后注意力难以集中。这些感知到的影响可能导致戒烟失败，如果是这样，澄清他们的认知基础可以为治疗策略提供信息。在这方面，选择性注意可能很重要，但早期的文献在戒烟和恢复吸烟如何影响这种认知功能方面提出了不一致的发现。目的比较吸烟者和非吸烟者在选择性注意方面的差异，并在吸烟者中检验一夜戒烟和急性吸烟对选择性注意的影响。材料和方法吸烟者和非吸烟者（n=43）进行Stroop试验（2天，每天2个试验组）。吸烟者在一夜戒烟后以及在1小时内随意吸烟后参与了这项研究。吸烟者每人每天在测试时段抽一支烟；不吸烟的人则没有。结果整夜戒烟后，吸烟者对一致和不一致刺激的反应潜伏期都比短暂戒烟后长，但没有特异性的选择性注意缺陷。不吸烟的人在第二组测试中没有表现出任何变化，而在戒烟一晚后，在两组之间吸烟会降低斯特鲁普效应。结论：这些数据与尼古丁依赖者戒烟对认知表现有有害影响的假设一致，但不表明选择性注意受到不利影响。戒烟后选择性注意力的改善也可能有助于吸烟者在吸烟后的注意力集中能力的增强。
Rationale Smokers report enhanced concentration after cigarette smoking and difficulty concentrating when abstinent from smoking. These perceived effects may contribute to smoking cessation failures, and if so, clarification of their cognitive bases could inform treatment strategies. Selective attention may be important in this regard, but earlier literature presents inconsistent findings on how smoking abstinence and resumption of smoking influence this cognitive function.Objective We aimed to compare smokers and nonsmokers on selective attention, and in smokers, to test the effects of overnight abstinence from smoking and of acute smoking on selective attention.Materials and methods Smokers and nonsmokers (n=43) performed a Stroop test (two test days, two test blocks per day). Smokers participated after overnight abstinence and also within 1-h of ad libitum smoking. Smokers each smoked a cigarette between test blocks on each day; nonsmokers did not.Results Smokers demonstrated longer response latencies for both congruent and incongruent stimuli after overnight than brief abstinence, but no deficit specifically related to selective attention. Whereas nonsmokers showed no changes in performance in the second test block, smoking between blocks reduced the Stroop effect when smokers were abstinent overnight.Conclusions These data are consistent with the hypothesis that abstinence from smoking among nicotine-dependent individuals has deleterious effects on cognitive performance, but do not indicate that selective attention is adversely effected. Improvement in selective attention after terminating abstinence with one cigarette may also contribute to smokers' perceived enhanced ability to concentrate after smoking.