Faecal avoidance differs between the sexes but not with nematode infection risk in mandrills
Faecal avoidance differs between the sexes but not with nematode infection risk in mandrills
复制标题
山魈的粪便回避行为在性别之间存在差异，但与线虫感染风险无关
DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.01.013
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Charpentier M**
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Poirotte C*;Sarabian C*;Ngoubangoye B;MacIntosh AJJ**;Charpentier M**
重点山鸡在进食环境中表现出对粪便的回避，雌性比雄性更甚。山鸡同样回避驱虫和寄生个体的粪便。感染性线虫幼虫的存在并不影响回避的水平。动物已经进化出广泛的行为，作为屏障，以降低寄生虫感染的风险。例如，避免粪便可限制与口粪传播的寄生虫（如胃肠道线虫）的接触。然而，当存在于粪便中时，线虫卵需要在达到其感染阶段之前成熟。如果宿主已经进化出专门避免线虫的策略，那么含有感染性幼虫的旧粪便应该比含有非感染性阶段的新鲜粪便引起更强的回避行为。在这里，我们进行了两个实验，以测试的假设，即山海关，山海关狮身人面像，旧世界的灵长类动物，表现出特定的行为策略，以避免线虫感染。我们的研究结果表明，个人没有避免粪便在非喂养的情况下，但避免吃被粪便污染的食物，女性比男性更。然而，无论是线虫的存在，也没有年龄的粪便的影响，观察到的回避水平，这表明，山鸡避免粪便材料一般，而不是线虫专门觅食时。
HighlightsMandrills exhibit faecal avoidance in a feeding context, females more so than males.Mandrills avoid similarly faeces of dewormed and parasitized individuals.The presence of infectious nematode larvae did not influence the level of avoidance.Animals have evolved a wide range of behaviours that act as barriers to decrease the risk of parasite infection. Faecal avoidance may, for example, limit contact with orofaecally transmitted parasites, such as gastrointestinal nematodes. When present in faeces, however, nematode eggs need to mature before reaching their infective stage. If strategies have evolved in hosts to specifically avoid nematodes, old faeces with infective larvae should elicit stronger avoidance behaviour than fresh faeces that contain noninfective stages. Here, we carried out two experiments to test the hypothesis that mandrills, Mandrillus sphinx, an Old-World primate, exhibit specific behavioural strategies to avoid nematode infection. Our results show that individuals did not avoid faeces in a nonfeeding context but did avoid eating food items contaminated with faecal material, females more so than males. However, neither the presence of nematodes nor the age of faeces influenced the level of avoidance observed, suggesting that mandrills avoid faecal material in general rather than nematodes specifically when foraging.