Translation of noncoding RNAs and cancer
Translation of noncoding RNAs and cancer
复制标题
非编码 RNA 的翻译与癌症
DOI：
10.1016/j.canlet.2020.10.002
复制
发表时间：
2021-01-28
期刊：
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Xiao, Yu-feng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhou, Bo;Yang, Huan;Xiao, Yu-feng
人类基因组包含数以千计的非编码RNA(NcRNAs)，它们被认为缺乏开放阅读框架(ORF)，无法翻译。据报道，一些ncRNAs具有重要的功能，包括表观遗传调节、染色质重塑、蛋白质修饰和RNA降解，但大多数ncRNAs的功能仍然不清楚。通过核糖体图谱和测序技术的应用和发展，越来越多的研究发现了ncRNAs的翻译。虽然ncRNAs最初被定义为非编码RNA，但许多ncRNAs实际上包含被翻译成多肽的ORF。在这里，我们总结了现有的识别和验证ncRNA编码的多肽/蛋白质的方法、工具和数据库，并对最近关于ncRNA编码的小肽/蛋白质在癌症中的发现进行了汇编和综合。重要的是，编码ncRNA的多肽/蛋白质在癌症研究中具有应用前景，但一些潜在的挑战仍未解决。本综述的目的是为发现更多由ncRNAs编码的多肽/蛋白质提供理论基础，并帮助进一步开发新的癌症诊断和预后标记物和治疗靶点。
The human genome contains thousands of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are thought to lack open reading frames (ORFs) and cannot be translated. Some ncRNAs reportedly have important functions, including epigenetic regulation, chromatin remolding, protein modification, and RNA degradation, but the functions of most ncRNAs remain elusive. Through the application and development of ribosome profiling and sequencing technologies, an increasing number of studies have discovered the translation of ncRNAs. Although ncRNAs were initially defined as noncoding RNAs, a number of ncRNAs actually contain ORFs that are translated into peptides. Here, we summarize the available methods, tools, and databases for identifying and validating ncRNA-encoded peptides/proteins, and the recent findings regarding ncRNA-encoded small peptides/proteins in cancer are compiled and synthesized. Importantly, the role of ncRNA-encoding peptides/proteins has application prospects in cancer research, but some potential challenges remain unresolved. The aim of this review is to provide a theoretical basis that might promote the discovery of more peptides/proteins encoded by ncRNAs and aid the further development of novel diagnostic and prognostic cancer markers and therapeutic targets.