Opposing Functions of Heparanase-1 and Heparanase-2 in Cancer Progression.

Opposing Functions of Heparanase-1 and Heparanase-2 in Cancer Progression.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tibs.2017.10.007
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发表时间:
2018-01
影响因子:
13.8
通讯作者:
Sanderson RD
Sanderson RD
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vlodavsky I;Gross-Cohen M;Weissmann M;Ilan N;Sanderson RD

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肝素酶是唯一的硫酸肝素降解内糖苷酶,调节多种生物活性,促进肿瘤生长、转移、血管生成和炎症。肝素酶通过降解硫酸肝素,从而调节肝素结合蛋白的生物利用度,启动肿瘤微环境,介导肿瘤-宿主串扰,诱导基因转录,信号通路,外泌体形成和自噬,共同促进肿瘤细胞性能和化疗耐药。相反,与肝素酶密切同源的heparanase-2缺乏酶活性,抑制肝素酶活性,调控促进正常分化、er应激、肿瘤纤维化和细胞凋亡的特定基因,从而抑制肿瘤。新出现的前提是,肝素酶是癌症侵袭性表型的主要调节因子,而肝素酶-2的功能是肿瘤抑制因子。
Heparanase, the sole heparan sulfate degrading endoglycosidase, regulates multiple biological activities that enhance tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis and inflammation. Heparanase accomplishes this by degrading heparan sulfate and thereby regulating the bioavailability of heparin-binding proteins, priming the tumor microenvironment, mediating tumor-host crosstalk and inducing gene transcription, signaling pathways, exosome formation and autophagy that together promote tumor cell performance and chemoresistance. In contrast, heparanase-2, a close homolog of heparanase, lacks enzymatic activity, inhibits heparanase activity and regulates selected genes that promote normal differentiation, ER-stress, tumor fibrosis and apoptosis, together resulting in tumor suppression. The emerging premise is that heparanase is a master regulator of the aggressive phenotype of cancer, while heparanase-2 functions as a tumor suppressor.
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