Converging evidence for diverging pathways: Neuropsychology and psychophysics tell the same story
Converging evidence for diverging pathways: Neuropsychology and psychophysics tell the same story
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不同途径的汇聚证据：神经心理学和心理物理学讲述了同一个故事
DOI：
10.1016/j.visres.2010.10.014
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
M. Goodale
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Westwood;M. Goodale
1992年，古德尔和米尔纳提出存在一种专用的视觉运动控制系统，无需有意识地感知目标物体的形状即可控制动作。 “行动和知觉假说”在很大程度上是由对 D.F. 的视觉运动能力的惊人观察所激发的，D.F. 是一名因集中在腹侧枕叶复合体的病变而导致视觉形式知觉严重缺陷的患者。当 D.F.伸出手去抓住一个物体，她在飞行中的手部姿势反映了物体的大小、形状和方向，尽管事实上她无法报告这些相同的物体特征。然而，她抓取物体的能力存在系统性限制：对于由二阶对比度定义的物体、主轴方向不明确的物体、在动作开始之前从视野中移走的物体以及在没有绝对距离提示的情况下看到的物体，她的表现急剧恶化。与此同时，来自健康观察者的大量心理物理学证据已经积累起来，这些证据与独立于知觉影响的专用视觉运动控制系统的想法是一致的。尽管其中一些证据存在争议，但我们认为，总的来说，心理物理学和神经心理学数据之间存在良好的一致性，并且行动和感知假说仍然有效。
In 1992, Goodale and Milner proposed the existence of a dedicated visuomotor control system that allows for the control of action without the need for conscious perception of the target object’s form. The ‘action and perception hypothesis’ was motivated in large part by the surprising observation of spared visuomotor abilities in D.F., a patient with a severe deficit in visual form perception attributable to a lesion concentrated in the lateral occipital complex of the ventral stream. When D.F. reaches out to grasp an object, her hand posture in flight reflects the size, shape, and orientation of the object, despite the fact that she is unable to report those same object features. Nevertheless, there are systematic limits to her spared ability to grasp objects: her performance sharply deteriorates for objects defined by second-order contrast, objects whose principal axis of orientation is ambiguous, objects removed from view before the onset of the action, and objects seen without cues to absolute distance. At the same time, a considerable body of psychophysical evidence from healthy observers has accumulated that is consistent with the idea of a dedicated visuomotor control system that is independent of perceptual influence. Although some of this evidence is controversial, we will argue that, on balance, there is good agreement between the psychophysical and neuropsychological data – and that the action and perception hypothesis is still alive and well.