Large-area luminescent solar concentrators based on 'Stokes-shift-engineered' nanocrystals in a mass-polymerized PMMA matrix
Large-area luminescent solar concentrators based on 'Stokes-shift-engineered' nanocrystals in a mass-polymerized PMMA matrix
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DOI：
10.1038/nphoton.2014.54
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
35
通讯作者：
Brovelli, Sergio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meinardi, Francesco;Colombo, Annalisa;Brovelli, Sergio
发光太阳能聚光器是半导体光伏的高性价比补充，可以提高太阳能电池的输出，并允许将光伏活跃的建筑元素整合到建筑物中(例如，光伏窗户)。胶体量子点在太阳能聚光器中的应用具有很大的吸引力，但由于胶体量子点的斯托克斯位移较小，导致了重吸收损耗，阻碍了大面积器件的实现。在这里，我们使用‘斯托克斯移位工程’的巨大壳层(巨型量子点)的CdSe/CDS量子点来实现发光的太阳聚光器，器件尺寸高达数十厘米，没有重吸收损失。蒙特卡罗模拟显示，与只使用核的纳米晶体相比，使用巨型量子点的效率提高了100倍。我们用一种改进的工业方法制备了高光学质量的量子点-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯纳米复合材料，证明了这种方法的可行性，这种方法保留了巨型量子点在并入聚合物时的发光特性。对这些发光太阳能聚光器的研究产生了10%的光学效率和4.4的有效聚集系数。这些结果证明了斯托克斯位移工程量子点在大面积发光太阳能聚光器中的重要应用前景。
Luminescent solar concentrators are cost-effective complements to semiconductor photovoltaics that can boost the output of solar cells and allow for the integration of photovoltaic-active architectural elements into buildings (for example, photovoltaic windows). Colloidal quantum dots are attractive for use in luminescent solar concentrators, but their small Stokes shift results in reabsorption losses that hinder the realization of large-area devices. Here, we use 'Stokes-shiftengineered' CdSe/CdS quantum dots with giant shells (giant quantum dots) to realize luminescent solar concentrators without reabsorption losses for device dimensions up to tens of centimetres. Monte-Carlo simulations show a 100-fold increase in efficiency using giant quantum dots compared with core-only nanocrystals. We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach by using high-optical-quality quantum dot-polymethylmethacrylate nanocomposites fabricated using a modified industrial method that preserves the light-emitting properties of giant quantum dots upon incorporation into the polymer. Study of these luminescent solar concentrators yields optical efficiencies > 10% and an effective concentration factor of 4.4. These results demonstrate the significant promise of Stokes-shift-engineered quantum dots for large-area luminescent solar concentrators.