Nitrogen addition, but not pulse frequency, shifts competitive interactions in favor of exotic invasive plant species
Nitrogen addition, but not pulse frequency, shifts competitive interactions in favor of exotic invasive plant species
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添加氮气（而非脉冲频率）会改变竞争性相互作用，有利于外来入侵植物物种
DOI：
10.1007/s10530-022-02833-3
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Callaway, Ragan M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Slate, Mandy L.;Matallana-Mejia, Nicolas;Aromin, Alessandra;Callaway, Ragan M.
时间动态的资源供应可能改变或导致竞争结果的波动。资源脉动理论认为，资源波动较大的环境比资源供应更稳定的环境更容易受到外来物种的入侵，从而促进外来物种的入侵。这被认为部分是由于入侵物种的能力，特别是那些快速生长的物种，比本地物种更快地利用可用资源。我们比较了高频（更多但更小的脉冲）氮脉冲与低频氮脉冲对两种原生草和两种单独和成对种植的外来入侵牧草相互作用的影响。总N添加量相同。在没有竞争的情况下，氮脉冲频率对外来和本地的生物量没有影响。在所有综合处理中，外来物对本地植物的竞争效应大约是本地植物对外来物的竞争效应的三倍。外来植物对本地植物的竞争效应不受N添加量的影响，但N添加量削弱了本地植物对外来植物的竞争效应。研究结果表明，氮脉冲有时会影响竞争强度，但氮脉冲频率不会改变竞争强度。我们的结果与资源供应波动普遍有利于入侵者的观点不一致，因为本地物种对脉冲频率的反应与外来物种一样。然而，无论脉冲频率如何，增加N都有利于外来物种，这与大量文献表明高资源供应有利于外来入侵者的结果一致。
Temporally dynamic resource supplies may alter or lead to fluctuations in competitive outcomes. Resource pulses have been theorized to promote incursion by exotic species with environments prone to higher resource fluctuations being more susceptible to invasion than those with more stable resource supplies. This is thought to be due, in part, to the ability of invasive species, especially those that are fast growing, to utilize available resources more rapidly than natives. We compared the effects of high-frequency (more but smaller pulses) versus low-frequency pulses of nitrogen (N) on interactions among two native grasses and two exotic invasive forbs planted alone and in pairs. The total quantity of N added was the same. Nitrogen pulse frequency had no effect on the biomass of exotics or natives when grown without competition. In all treatments combined, the competitive effect of exotics on natives was roughly three times higher than the competitive effect of natives on exotics. The competitive effect of exotics on natives was not affected by N additions, but N additions weakened the competitive effect of natives on exotics. Species-specific patterns in our results suggest that N pulses sometimes impacted competitive intensity, but N pulse frequency did not alter competitive intensity. Our results are inconsistent with the idea that fluctuations in resource supply ubiquitously favor invaders, as native species were as responsive to pulse frequency as exotics. However, increased N, regardless of pulse frequency, favored exotic species, consistent with a large literature showing that high resource supplies favor exotic invaders.
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DOI：
10.3955/0029-344x-81.2.138
发表时间：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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