Vaccinations Administered During Off-Clinic Hours at a National Community Pharmacy: Implications for Increasing Patient Access and Convenience
Vaccinations Administered During Off-Clinic Hours at a National Community Pharmacy: Implications for Increasing Patient Access and Convenience
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DOI：
10.1370/afm.1542
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Cannon, Adam E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goad, Jeffery A.;Taitel, Michael S.;Cannon, Adam E.
在美国，每年约有50,000名成年人死于疫苗可预防的疾病。大多数传统疫苗提供者（如医生办公室）在标准门诊时间接种疫苗，但社区药房延长了接种时间，使患者能够在方便的时间接种疫苗。我们分析了一家国家社区药房在非门诊时间接种疫苗的类型和患者群体，以及它们对疫苗接种的可及性和便利性的影响。方法回顾性回顾了2011年8月至2012年7月期间沃尔格林连锁药店所有疫苗接种的数据。疫苗接种时间分为传统时间（工作日上午9点至下午6点）或非诊所时间，包括工作日晚上、周末和联邦假日。我们比较了人口统计学特征和疫苗类型。我们使用逻辑回归模型来确定非门诊时间接种疫苗的预测因素。结果研究期间，药师共接种疫苗6250402次，其中非门诊时间接种疫苗占30.5%，周末17.4%，晚间10.2%，节假日2.9%。如果患者年龄小于65岁，是男性，居住在城市地区，并且没有任何慢性疾病，那么他们的门诊外疫苗接种几率明显更高。结论：很大一部分接种疫苗的成年人在晚上、周末和假日时间在药房接种疫苗，而传统的疫苗提供者可能无法提供疫苗。尤其是年轻、适龄工作、健康的成年人，可以在非诊所时间接种各种疫苗。由于美国成人和青少年的疫苗接种率很低，社区药房正在为扩大疫苗接种的可及性和便利性创造新的机会。
PURPOSE Approximately 50,000 adults die annually from vaccine-preventable diseases in the United States. Most traditional vaccine providers (eg, physician offices) administer vaccinations during standard clinic hours, but community pharmacies offer expanded hours that allow patients to be vaccinated at convenient times. We analyzed the types of vaccines administered and patient populations vaccinated during off-clinic hours in a national community pharmacy, and their implications for vaccination access and convenience.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed data for all vaccinations given at the Walgreens pharmacy chain between August 2011 and July 2012. The time of vaccination was categorized as occurring during traditional hours (9: 00 am-6: 00 pm weekdays) or off-clinic hours, consisting of weekday evenings, weekends, and federal holidays. We compared demographic characteristics and types of vaccine. We used a logistic regression model to identify predictors of being vaccinated during off-clinic hours.RESULTS During the study period, pharmacists administered 6,250,402 vaccinations, of which 30.5% were provided during off-clinic hours: 17.4% were provided on weekends, 10.2% on evenings, and 2.9% on holidays. Patients had significantly higher odds of off-clinic vaccination if they were younger than 65 years of age, were male, resided in an urban area, and did not have any chronic conditions.CONCLUSIONS A large proportion of adults being vaccinated receive their vaccines during evening, weekend, and holiday hours at the pharmacy, when traditional vaccine providers are likely unavailable. Younger, working-aged, healthy adults, in particular, accessed a variety of immunizations during off-clinic hours. With the low rates of adult and adolescent vaccination in the United States, community pharmacies are creating new opportunities for vaccination that expand access and convenience.