Chromatin architecture of the human genome: Gene-rich domains are enriched in open chromatin fibers
Chromatin architecture of the human genome: Gene-rich domains are enriched in open chromatin fibers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2004.08.011
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发表时间：
2004-09-03
期刊：
影响因子：
64.5
通讯作者：
Bickmore, WA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilbert, N;Boyle, S;Bickmore, WA
我们提出了一个跨人类基因组的染色质纤维结构的分析。通过蔗糖沉降分离致密和开放的染色质纤维结构，并通过与中期染色体和基因组微阵列杂交来分析其分布。我们发现，致密的染色质纤维起源于异染色质（C带）和G带（常染色质）的某些位点。开放染色质纤维与基因密度最高的区域相关，但与基因表达无关，因为非活性基因可以位于开放染色质的结构域中，而低基因密度区域中的活性基因可以嵌入紧密的染色质纤维中。此外，我们表明，染色质纤维结构的影响，进一步水平的染色质凝聚。开放染色质纤维区域在细胞学上是去致密的，并且具有独特的核组织。我们认为，开放染色质的结构域可能会创造一个环境，促进转录激活，并可能提供一个进化的约束，以保持集群的基因一起沿着染色体。
We present an analysis of chromatin fiber structure across the human genome. Compact and open chromatin fiber structures were separated by sucrose sedimentation and their distributions analyzed by hybridization to metaphase chromosomes and genomic microarrays. We show that compact chromatin fibers originate from some sites of heterochromatin (C-bands), and G-bands (euchromatin). Open chromatin fibers correlate with regions of highest gene density, but not with gene expression since inactive genes can be in domains of open chromatin, and active genes in regions of low gene density can be embedded in compact chromatin fibers. Moreover, we show that chromatin fiber structure impacts on further levels of chromatin condensation. Regions of open chromatin fibers are cytologically decondensed and have a distinctive nuclear organization. We suggest that domains of open chromatin may create an environment that facilitates transcriptional activation and could provide an evolutionary constraint to maintain clusters of genes together along chromosomes.