Mindfulness and dynamic functional neural connectivity in children and adolescents
Mindfulness and dynamic functional neural connectivity in children and adolescents
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2017.09.010
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发表时间：
2018-01-15
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Rabinak, Christine A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marusak, Hilary A.;Elrahal, Farrah;Rabinak, Christine A.
背景：促进正念的干预措施始终显示出对成人以及最近对儿童和青少年的认知和情绪健康的有益影响。然而，我们对青少年正念背后的神经生物学机制缺乏了解，因此需要在临床和教育环境中更明智地应用这些干预措施。方法：使用多回波多波段功能磁共振成像，我们检查了 42 名儿童和青少年（年龄6-17).结果：我们发现青少年的特质正念与动态而非静态的静息状态连接有关。具体来说，更专注的年轻人在扫描过程中在大脑状态之间转换更多，在某种连接状态下花费的时间总体更少，并且表现出显着性/情感与中央执行网络之间的连接性特定于状态的减少。状态转换的数量介导了更高的正念和更低的焦虑之间的联系，为正念对青少年心理健康带来好处的潜在神经机制提供了新的见解。结论：我们的研究结果提供了新的证据，表明随着时间的推移，青少年的正念与功能性神经动力学和神经认知网络之间的相互作用有关。
Background: Interventions that promote mindfulness consistently show salutary effects on cognition and emotional wellbeing in adults, and more recently, in children and adolescents. However, we lack understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying mindfulness in youth that should allow for more judicious application of these interventions in clinical and educational settings.Methods: Using multi-echo multi-band fMRI, we examined dynamic (i.e., time-varying) and conventional static resting-state connectivity between core neurocognitive networks (i.e., salience/emotion, default mode, central executive) in 42 children and adolescents (ages 6-17).Results: We found that trait mindfulness in youth relates to dynamic but not static resting-state connectivity. Specifically, more mindful youth transitioned more between brain states over the course of the scan, spent overall less time in a certain connectivity state, and showed a state-specific reduction in connectivity between salience/emotion and central executive networks. The number of state transitions mediated the link between higher mindfulness and lower anxiety, providing new insights into potential neural mechanisms underlying benefits of mindfulness on psychological health in youth.Conclusions: Our results provide new evidence that mindfulness in youth relates to functional neural dynamics and interactions between neurocognitive networks, over time.