Chemical and Toxicological Properties of Emissions from a Light-Duty Compressed Natural Gas Vehicle Fueled with Renewable Natural Gas.
Chemical and Toxicological Properties of Emissions from a Light-Duty Compressed Natural Gas Vehicle Fueled with Renewable Natural Gas.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.0c04962
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发表时间：
2021-03-02
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Kleeman MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li Y;Xue J;Peppers J;Kado NY;Vogel CFA;Alaimo CP;Green PG;Zhang R;Jenkins BM;Kim M;Young TM;Kleeman MJ
主要由甲烷 (CH4) 和二氧化碳 (CO2) 组成的沼气可以通过去除二氧化碳和其他杂质升级为称为可再生天然气 (RNG) 的运输燃料。 RNG 的能量含量与化石压缩天然气 (CNG) 相当，但生命周期温室气体 (GHG) 排放量较低。在这项研究中，一辆轻型货车在底盘测功机上使用 CNG 和两种 RNG 混合物进行了测试，以比较产生的废气的毒性。活性氧 (ROS)、生物标志物表达 (CYP1A1、IL8、COX-2) 和致突变性 (Ames) 测试表明，RNG 废气的毒性与 CNG 废气相当或更低。统计分析揭示了苯、二苯并呋喃和二氢过氧化物二甲基己烷的毒性与尾气排放之间的关联（最后的鉴定被认为是暂时/不确定的）。进一步的气相毒性可能与甲醛、二甲基硫醚、丙烯和甲基乙烯酮的尾气排放有关。在当前所有测试中，CNG 废气中这些潜在有毒化学成分的浓度高于 RNG 废气。汽车尾气的光化学老化并没有改变这些趋势。这些初步结果表明，采用 RNG 可能是一种有效的策略，可以在不增加车辆尾气毒性的情况下降低运输燃料的碳强度。
Biogas consisting primarily of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be upgraded to a transportation fuel referred to as renewable natural gas (RNG) by removing CO2 and other impurities. RNG has energy content comparable to fossil compressed natural gas (CNG) but with lower life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In this study, a light-duty cargo van was tested with CNG and two RNG blends on a chassis dynamometer in order to compare the toxicity of the resulting exhaust. Tests for reactive oxygen species (ROS), biomarker expressions (CYP1A1, IL8, COX-2), and mutagenicity (Ames) show that RNG exhaust has toxicity that is comparable or lower than CNG exhaust. Statistical analysis reveals associations between toxicity and tailpipe emissions of benzene, dibenzofuran, and dihydroperoxide dimethyl hexane (the last identification is considered tentative/uncertain). Further gas-phase toxicity may be associated with tailpipe emissions of formaldehyde, dimethyl sulfide, propene, and methyl ketene. CNG exhaust contained higher concentrations of these potentially toxic chemical constituents than RNG exhaust in all of the current tests. Photochemical aging of the vehicle exhaust did not alter these trends. These preliminary results suggest that RNG adoption may be a useful strategy to reduce the carbon intensity of transportation fuels without increasing the toxicity of the vehicle exhaust.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Cucchiella, Federica;D'Adamo, Idiano;Gastaldi, Massimo
通讯作者：
Gastaldi, Massimo
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Kado, NY;Okamoto, RA;Zafonte, L
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Durbin, Thomas D.
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Kuwayama, Toshihiro;Collier, Sonya;Kleeman, Michael J.
通讯作者：
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