DURATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF PERTUSSIS-VACCINE - EVIDENCE FROM A 10 YEAR COMMUNITY STUDY
DURATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF PERTUSSIS-VACCINE - EVIDENCE FROM A 10 YEAR COMMUNITY STUDY
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DOI：
10.1136/bmj.296.6622.612
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发表时间：
1988-02-27
影响因子：
105.7
通讯作者：
JENKINSON, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
JENKINSON, D
在一个独立的全科医学社区进行了一项为期10年的百日咳研究，以纵向评估百日咳疫苗接种后1至7年的疗效。在10年以上的436例百日咳病例中，326例发生在1-7岁儿童中。每年出生的每个儿童队列的免疫接种率是已知的，因此计算了免疫和未免疫儿童的百日咳发病率。在1977 ~ 1979年、1981 ~ 1983年和1985 ~ 1987年经历过流行病的人群中，发病率最高。疫苗的效力以百分比计算为（未免疫组中的发病率.sbd.免疫组中的发病率）×（未免疫组中的发病率.sbd.免疫组中的发病率）×（未免疫组中的发病率.sbd.免疫组中的发病率）×（未免疫组中的发病率. sbd.免疫组中的发病率. sbd.免疫组中的发病率）×（未免疫组中的发病率. sbd.免疫组中的发病率. sbd.免疫组中的发病率）×（未免疫组中的发病率. sbd.免疫组中的发病率. sbd.免疫组中的发病率. sbd.免疫组中的发病率）×（未免疫组中的发病率. sbd.免疫组中的发病率. sbd.免疫组中的发病率）×（未免疫组中的发病率. sbd.免疫组中的发病率）×（未免疫组中的发病率. sbd.免疫组中的发病率. 100/未免疫组的发病率。它从第一年的100%下降到第七年的46%，第四年是84%，第五年只有52%。因此，百日咳疫苗或其使用时间表似乎不能提供足够的群体免疫力来预防百日咳的爆发。如果将百日咳疫苗接种纳入学前免疫接种计划，情况可能会有所改善。
A 10 year study of whooping cough in a discrete general practice community was performed to assess longitudinally the efficacy of pertussis vaccine from one to seven years after immunisation. Of the 436 cases of whooping cough over 10 years, 326 occurred in children aged 1-7 years. The rate of immunisation was known for each cohort of children born during each year, and the attack rate of whooping cough was thus calculated for those immunised and unimmunised. The attack rates were highest in those cohorts exposed to the epidemics of 1977-9, 1981-3, and 1985-7. The efficacy of the vaccine was calculated as a percentage as (attack rate in unimmunised group.sbd.attack rate in immunised group) .times. 100/attack rate in unimmunised group. It fell from 100% in the first year to 46% in the seventh, being 84% in the fourth and only 52% in the fifth. Thus the pertussis vaccine or its schedule of use does not seem to provide sufficient herd immunity to prevent outbreaks of whooping cough. Matters might be improved if vaccination against pertussis were included in the preschool immunisation programme.