Biological response to climate change on a tropical mountain
Biological response to climate change on a tropical mountain
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DOI：
10.1038/19297
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发表时间：
1999-04-15
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Campbell, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pounds, JA;Fogden, MPL;Campbell, JH
最近的变暖导致物种分布和丰度的变化（1-3），但影响的程度尚不清楚。在这里，我们调查了哥斯达黎加蒙特韦尔德高地森林的这种变化是否与1976年热带海洋阶梯式变暖后的气温升高有关（参考文献4，5）。在30平方公里的研究区域内，50种无尾两栖类（青蛙和蟾蜍）中的20种，包括当地特有的金蟾蜍（Bufo periglenes），在1987年同步种群崩溃后消失（参考文献6-8）。我们的研究结果表明，这些坠机事件可能属于一系列人口变化，这些变化改变了该地区的鸟类，爬行动物和两栖动物群落，并与最近的变暖有关。这些变化都与旱季薄雾频率的模式有关，这种模式与赤道太平洋的海面温度呈负相关，自20世纪70年代中期以来急剧下降。生物和气候模式表明，大气变暖已经提高了地形云库底部的平均高度，正如抬升云底假说所预测的那样（9，10）。
Recent warming has caused changes in species distribution and abundance(1-3), but the extent of the effects is unclear. Here we investigate whether such changes in highland forests at Monte-verde, costa rica, are related to the increase in air temperatures that followed a step-like warming of tropical oceans in 1976 (refs 4, 5). Twenty of 50 species of anurans (frogs and toads) in a 30-km(2) study area, including the locally endemic golden toad (Bufo periglenes), disappeared following synchronous population crashed in 1987 (refs 6-8). Our results indicate that these crashes probably belong to a constellation of demographic changes that have altered communities of birds, reptiles and amphibians in the area and are linked to recent warming. The changes are all associated with patterns of dry-season mist frequency, which is negatively correlated with sea surface temperatures in the equatorial pacific and has declined dramatically since the mid-1970s. The biological and climatic patterns suggest that atmospheric warming has raised the average altitude at the base of the orographic cloud bank, as predicted by the lifting-cloud-base hypothesis(9,10).