Effects of proactive interference on non-verbal working memory.
Effects of proactive interference on non-verbal working memory.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10339-016-0784-3
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发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Malapani C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cyr M;Nee DE;Nelson E;Senger T;Jonides J;Malapani C
工作记忆是一个负责主动维持和加工相关信息的认知系统，是成功认知的核心。WM的一个关键过程是解决前摄干扰（PI），这涉及抑制不再相关的先前记忆的记忆入侵。大多数研究都采用了言语材料，以纯粹的方式研究了对PI的抵抗。相比之下，使用非语言材料的研究很少，目前还不清楚PI的效果是一般领域还是仅适用于语言领域。本研究的目的是使用高可命名性和低可命名性的对象来检验PI对视觉工作记忆的影响。使用定向遗忘范式，我们在两个维度上改变了WM项目之间的区分度，一个是口头的（高可命名性与低可命名性对象），一个是感知的（彩色与灰色对象）。与以前使用语言材料的研究一样，即使在控制了使用的语言标签之后，也发现了PI对物体刺激的影响（即，低可命名性条件）。我们还发现，除了独特的功能（颜色，口头标签）增加性能拒绝入侵探针，最有可能通过增加在WM的内容上下文绑定之间的可辨别性。
Working memory (WM) is a cognitive system responsible for actively maintaining and processing relevant information and is central to successful cognition. A process critical to WM is the resolution of proactive interference (PI), which involves suppressing memory intrusions from prior memories that are no longer relevant. Most studies that have examined resistance to PI in a process-pure fashion used verbal material. By contrast, studies using non-verbal material are scarce, and it remains unclear whether the effect of PI is domain-general or whether it applies solely to the verbal domain. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of PI in visual working memory using both objects with high and low nameability. Using a Directed-Forgetting paradigm, we varied discriminability between WM items on two dimensions, one verbal (high-nameability vs. low-nameability objects) and one perceptual (colored vs. gray objects). As in previous studies using verbal material, effects of PI were found with object stimuli, even after controlling for verbal labels being used (i.e., Low-Nameability condition). We also found that the addition of distinctive features (color, verbal label) increased performance in rejecting intrusion probes, most likely through an increase in discriminability between content-context bindings in WM.