Entanglement area law in superfluid 4He
Entanglement area law in superfluid 4He
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DOI：
10.1038/nphys4075
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发表时间：
2016-10
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
C. Herdman;P. Roy;R. Melko;R. Melko;A. Maestro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Herdman;P. Roy;R. Melko;R. Melko;A. Maestro
面积定律最早是由贝肯斯坦和霍金发现的，他们发现黑洞的熵与其表面积成正比，而不是与其体积成正比。从量子引力的全息原理到量子物质的基态波函数，从量子引力的全息原理到量子物质的基态波函数，纠缠熵通常被发现服从面积定律标度，自那以后，熵面积定律已经成为现代物理学的基本组成部分。由于目前还没有实验能够直接探索自然发生的多体系统中的纠缠面积定律，因此它存在的证据是基于简化的定性理论的研究。利用新的超流4He精确微观数值模拟，首次证明了三维真实量子液体中纠缠熵的面积律标度。我们验证了面积定律起源于纠缠边界局域关联的基本原理，并给出了一个纠缠状态方程，说明了它是如何依赖于超流体的密度的。
Area laws were first discovered by Bekenstein and Hawking,, who found that the entropy of a black hole grows proportional to its surface area, and not its volume. Entropy area laws have since become a fundamental part of modern physics, from the holographic principle in quantum gravity,,to ground-state wavefunctions of quantum matter, where entanglement entropy is generically found to obey area law scaling. As no experiments are currently capable of directly probing the entanglement area law in naturally occurring many-body systems, evidence of its existence is based on studies of simplified qualitative theories,,. Using new exact microscopic numerical simulations of superfluid4He, we demonstrate for the first time an area law scaling of entanglement entropy in a real quantum liquid in three dimensions. We validate the fundamental principle that the area law originates from correlations local to the entangling boundary, and present an entanglement equation of state showing how it depends on the density of the superfluid.