DEVELOPMENT OF INTUITIVE AND NUMERICAL PROPORTIONAL REASONING
DEVELOPMENT OF INTUITIVE AND NUMERICAL PROPORTIONAL REASONING
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DOI：
10.1016/0885-2014(92)90006-d
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发表时间：
1992-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
DIXON, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
AHL, VA;MOORE, CF;DIXON, JA
通过对五年级、八年级学生和大学生的温度混合任务，研究了直觉比例推理和数值比例推理之间的关系。在直观任务中，温度和数量被口头描述，而在数字任务中，使用数字，并指示受试者尝试使用数学。一半的受试者先被给予直观版本，另一半的受试者首先被给予数字版本。在受试者能够使用他们的直觉知识来指导他们的数字表现的程度上，首先进行直观版本应该使直觉知识更加突出，并提高在数字任务上的表现。数字条件下的成绩取决于任务顺序的操纵，但在直觉条件下，两种任务顺序下的成绩几乎相同。五个组件被用来生成代表每个人在每个任务版本上的表现的简档。受试者根据他们的成分轮廓与几个假设的、质的不同的原型模式的相似程度进行分组。这一“模糊集”分析表明，不同版本任务的受试者呈现不同模式的频率不同，而且与年龄有关。首先执行直观的版本降低了数字温度被视为粗放量而不是集约量的可能性。提出了直观任务绩效与数值任务绩效关系的理论框架。
The relationship between intuitive and numerical proportional reasoning was examined using a temperature-mixing task with fifth graders, eighth graders, and college students. In the intuitive task the temperatures and quantities were described verbally, whereas in the numerical task, numbers were used and subjects were instructed to try to use math. Half the subjects were given the intuitive version first, and half were given the numerical version first. To the extent that subjects are capable of using their intuitive knowledge to direct their numerical performance, performing the intuitive version first should make intuitive knowledge more salient and improve performance on the numerical task. Performance in the numerical condition depended on the task-order manipulation, but performance in the intuitive condition was almost the same in the two task orders. Five components were used to generate a profile representing each person's performance on each task version. Subjects were grouped according to the degree of similarity of their component profiles to several hypothesized, qualitatively different prototype patterns. This "fuzzy set" analysis showed that the frequencies of subjects showing different patterns varied across versions of the task and were age related. Performing the intuitive version first decreased the likelihood that numerical temperature would be treated as an extensive rather than an intensive quantity. A theoretical framework is outlined for the relationship between intuitive and numerical task performance.