A storm safari in Subtropical South America: proyecto RELAMPAGO
A storm safari in Subtropical South America: proyecto RELAMPAGO
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南美洲亚热带风暴探险：proyecto RELAMPAGO
DOI：
10.1175/bams-d-20-0029.1
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Garcia, C. Marcelo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nesbitt, Stephen W.;Salio, Paola V.;Ávila, Eldo;Bitzer, Phillip;Carey, Lawrence;Chandrasekar, V.;Deierling, Wiebke;Dominguez, Francina;Dillon, Maria Eugenia;Garcia, C. Marcelo
本文概述了利用自适应地面观测进行电气化、闪电和中尺度/微尺度过程遥感 (RELAMPAGO) 现场活动的实验设计、执行、教育和公共宣传、数据收集以及初步科学结果。 RELAMPAGO 是 2018-19 年在阿根廷科尔多瓦省和门多萨省以及巴西南里奥格兰德州西部开展的一项重大实地活动，有来自美国、阿根廷和巴西的 200 多名科学家和学生参与。这项活动的动机是深对流的物理过程和社会影响，这种对流经常在该地区发起，通常沿着科尔多瓦山脉和安第斯山脉的复杂地形，并且经常迅速升级为影响社会的危险风暴。实验期间观察到的风暴产生了大量的冰雹、强烈的山洪、极端的闪电频率和其他不寻常的闪电现象，但很少有龙卷风。描述了 RELAMPAGO 的五个不同的科学焦点——对流引发、恶劣天气、高档增长、水文气象、闪电和电气化——以及观察与这些焦点相关的物理过程的部署策略。该活动的国际合作、预测工作和任务规划策略使数据收集工作取得了成功。此外，还总结了 RELAMPAGO 在南美洲的遗产，包括与该活动相关的广泛的跨国教育、公共宣传和社交媒体数据收集。
This article provides an overview of the experimental design, execution, education and public outreach, data collection, and initial scientific results from the Remote Sensing of Electrification, Lightning, and Mesoscale/Microscale Processes with Adaptive Ground Observations (RELAMPAGO) field campaign. RELAMPAGO was a major field campaign conducted in the Córdoba and Mendoza provinces in Argentina and western Rio Grande do Sul State in Brazil in 2018–19 that involved more than 200 scientists and students from the United States, Argentina, and Brazil. This campaign was motivated by the physical processes and societal impacts of deep convection that frequently initiates in this region, often along the complex terrain of the Sierras de Córdoba and Andes, and often grows rapidly upscale into dangerous storms that impact society. Observed storms during the experiment produced copious hail, intense flash flooding, extreme lightning flash rates, and other unusual lightning phenomena, but few tornadoes. The five distinct scientific foci of RELAMPAGO—convection initiation, severe weather, upscale growth, hydrometeorology, and lightning and electrification—are described, as are the deployment strategies to observe physical processes relevant to these foci. The campaign’s international cooperation, forecasting efforts, and mission planning strategies enabled a successful data collection effort. In addition, the legacy of RELAMPAGO in South America, including extensive multinational education, public outreach, and social media data gathering associated with the campaign, is summarized.