Design of Broadband Non-Foster Circuits Based on Resonant Tunneling Diodes
Design of Broadband Non-Foster Circuits Based on Resonant Tunneling Diodes
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DOI：
10.1109/lawp.2015.2510654
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
D. S. Nagarkoti;Y. Hao;D. Steenson;Lianhe H. Li;E. Linfield;K. Rajab
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. S. Nagarkoti;Y. Hao;D. Steenson;Lianhe H. Li;E. Linfield;K. Rajab
提出了一种基于共振隧道二极管(RTD)的非福斯特电路(NFC)，用于电小天线的宽带阻抗匹配。传统上，NFC是通过晶体管对来实现负阻抗的，但这些在高频下的性能和操作带宽方面存在限制。在一定的偏置电压下，双势垒RTD表现为负阻抗(NDR)器件，这种负阻抗可以转化为负阻抗。与基于晶体管的NFC不同，这些结构用于旋转或反转负载阻抗，从而电感性负载将导致负电容，反之亦然。这种装置被称为负阻抗逆变器(NII)。我们展示了原型的负阻抗行为，测量的负阻高达3 GHz，从DC到4 GHz的器件增益约为5分贝。利用奈奎斯特稳定性准则进行了RTD的稳定性设计。根据负载值的不同，稳定的负电容NFC显示出从DC到GHz范围内的最佳性能。这些NFC用于在低频下对天线进行阻抗匹配。在3.5 GHz只有一个谐振的天线已经用两个不同的匹配电路进行了变换：覆盖1-2 GHz范围的天线，以及从300 MHz到1 GHz的VHF/UHF频段。此外，RTD已经被证明可以在高达太赫兹的频率下工作，因此这种拓扑结构可以扩展到受制造限制的更高频率。
A non-Foster circuit (NFC) based on the resonant tunneling diode (RTD) is proposed for application to broadband impedance matching of electrically small antennas (ESAs). NFCs have traditionally been implemented with transistor pairs to achieve negative impedance, but these have limitations with respect to performance and operational bandwidth at high frequencies. At certain biasing voltages, double-barrier RTDs behave as negative differential resistance (NDR) devices, which may be transformed to exhibit negative impedance. In contrast to the transistor-based NFC, these structures serve to gyrate or invert the load impedance, such that an inductive load will lead to a negative capacitance, and vice versa. This device is termed a negative impedance inverter (NII). We demonstrate negative impedance behavior for prototypes with measurements of negative resistance at up to 3 GHz, and device gain of around 5 dB from dc to 4 GHz. Design for stability of the RTD is performed using the Nyquist stability criterion. Stabilized negative capacitance NFCs show optimum performance from dc to the GHz range depending upon the load value. These NFCs are used to impedance match an antenna at low frequencies. An antenna with only one resonance at 3.5 GHz has been transformed with two different matching circuits: to an antenna encompassing the 1–2-GHz range, as well as the VHF/UHF bands from 300 MHz to 1 GHz. Additionally, RTDs have been demonstrated for operation at up to THz frequencies, so this topology can be extended to higher frequencies subject to fabrication constraints.