Chapter 13: Linking Cognitive Science and Disciplinary Geoscience Practice: The Importance of the Conceptual Model
Chapter 13: Linking Cognitive Science and Disciplinary Geoscience Practice: The Importance of the Conceptual Model
复制标题
第13章：将认知科学与学科地球科学实践联系起来：概念模型的重要性
DOI：
10.1306/13561994m1113677
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
22.7
通讯作者：
B. Tikoff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Shipley;B. Tikoff
摘要 本章将认知科学的概念与学科地球科学实践相结合，以说明不同学科如何合作研究并扩展这两个领域的已知知识。我们在观察-预测框架内考虑构造地质学的实践和目标，该框架改编自乌尔里克·奈瑟（Ulric Neisser）的感知-行动框架。在这个框架中，地质学家有一个概念模型，她或他可以据此推理世界，并形成预测和观察之间的联系。科学家根据概念模型进行预测，并寻求观察结果来确认或修正该模型。这种方法适用于地球科学家如何进行几何推理（在地下；体积思维）和运动学推理。然后，我们考虑构造地质学分析的三种主要类型（几何、运动学和动力学）以及解决问题的经验方法与理论方法如何与观测预测框架相互作用。最后，我们概述了如何将这种观测预测周期推广到地球科学教育和其他科学实践。
Abstract This chapter integrates concepts from cognitive science with disciplinary geoscience practice, to illustrate how different disciplines can collaborate on research and expand what is known in both fields. We consider the practice and goals of structural geology within an observation-prediction framework, adapted from the perception-action framework of Ulric Neisser. In this framework, the geologist has a conceptual model, about which she or he can reason about the world, and that forms the link between predictions and observations. The scientist engages in predictions based on a conceptual model and seeks out observations to confirm or revise this model. This approach is applied to how geoscientists engage in both geometric reasoning (in the subsurface; volumetric thinking) and kinematic reasoning. We then consider how the three principle types of structural geology analyses (geometric, kinematic, and dynamic) and empirical vs. theoretical approaches to solving problems interact with the observation-prediction framework. Finally, we outline how this observation-prediction cycle might be generalized to geoscience education and the practice of other sciences.