Normal sexual dimorphism of the adult human brain assessed by in vivo magnetic resonance imaging
Normal sexual dimorphism of the adult human brain assessed by in vivo magnetic resonance imaging
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/11.6.490
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Tsuang, MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldstein, JM;Seidman, LJ;Tsuang, MT
成人大脑正常性二态性的病因学和一致性研究结果尚未解决。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个全面的评价正常的性二态性的皮质和皮质下的大脑区域，在体内磁共振成像，在一个社区样本的48名正常成年人。男性和女性在年龄、教育、种族、社会经济地位、一般智力和利手方面相似。45个脑区进行了评估的基础上，T-1加权三维图像从1.5 T的磁铁。成年人大脑体积的性别二态性在皮质中更为明显，女性的体积相对于大脑体积更大，特别是在额叶和内侧边缘皮质。相对于大脑体积，男性的前内侧皮质、杏仁核和下丘脑的体积更大。排列测试表明，与本研究中评估的其他脑区相比，与动物研究中确定的脑区同源的脑区之间存在更大的性二态性，这些脑区在大脑发育的关键时期显示出更高水平的性类固醇受体。这些发现对发育研究有一定的意义，这些研究将直接检验性类固醇激素与人类性二型性相关机制的假设。
The etiology and consistency of findings on normal sexual dimorphisms of the adult human brain are unresolved. In this study, we present a comprehensive evaluation of normal sexual dimorphisms of cortical and subcortical brain regions, using in vivo magnetic resonance imaging, in a community sample of 48 normal adults. The men and women were similar in age, education, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, general intelligence and handedness. Forty-five brain regions were assessed based on T-1-weighted three-dimensional images acquired from a 1.5 T magnet. Sexual dimorphisms of adult brain volumes were more evident in the cortex, with women having larger volumes, relative to cerebrum size, particularly in frontal and medial paralimbic cortices. Men had larger volumes, relative to cerebrum size, in frontomedial cortex, the amygdala and hypothalamus. A permutation test showed that, compared to other brain areas assessed in this study, there was greater sexual dimorphism among brain areas that are homologous with those identified in animal studies showing greater levels of sex steroid receptors during critical periods of brain development. These findings have implications for developmental studies that would directly test hypotheses about mechanisms relating sex steroid hormones to sexual dimorphisms in humans.