The Conquerors: Roosevelt, Truman and the Destruction of Hitler's Germany, 1941-1945
The Conquerors: Roosevelt, Truman and the Destruction of Hitler's Germany, 1941-1945
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征服者：罗斯福、杜鲁门和希特勒德国的毁灭，1941-1945 年
DOI：
10.5860/choice.40-5382
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Michael R. Beschloss
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michael R. Beschloss
《征服者》对二战期间导致德国被阉割的幕后谈判提供了一个引人入胜的洞察。当罗斯福和杜鲁门总统在欧洲领导美国参加第二次世界大战时，他们必须处理一个问题，即应该对纳粹德国施加一个什么样的政府，以确保德国永远不会再将世界拖入战争。《征服者》讲述了罗斯福和杜鲁门如何通过峰会和秘密信息，私下在他们自己的头脑中，以及与温斯顿·丘吉尔和约瑟夫·斯大林等铁腕盟友一起，通过峰会和秘密信息来回答这个问题。罗斯福没有对越来越多的大屠杀证据做出反应，但他的密友、财政部长小亨利·摩根索私下向罗斯福施压，要求他接受很快被称为“摩根索计划”的计划--给德国人一个教训，摧毁他们的工业基础，让许多德国人饿死，从而摧毁他们发动战争的能力。贝克洛斯还陶醉于哈里·杜鲁门突然就任总统时，如何听取了摩根索计划的简报，并感到震惊。杜鲁门在内阁成员的支持下，背弃了这一计划，解雇了摩根索，走向了德国的东西方分裂，使西德成为西方反对苏联在欧洲扩张的堡垒。
The Conquerors provides a fascinating insight into the behind-the-scenes negotiations during World War II that led to the emasculation of Germany. As Presidents Roosevelt and Truman led the United States in World War II in Europe, they had to deal with the question of what kind of government should be imposed on Nazi Germany to ensure that Germany could never again drag the world into war. The Conquerors tells the story with much intimate detail and colour of how Roosevelt and Truman privately struggled in their own minds and with titanic allies like Winston Churchill and Josef Stalin, through summits and secret messages, to answer this question. Roosevelt did not react to increasing evidence of the Holocaust, but close friend and Secretary of the Treasury, Henry Morgenthau, Jr., privately pressed Roosevelt to accept what was soon called the "Morgenthau plan" - teach the Germans a lesson and destroy their ability to make war by destroying their industrial base and letting many Germans starve to death. Bechloss also revels how Harry Truman, on abruptly assuming the Presidency, was briefed on the Morgenthau Plan and was appalled. Truman, backed by Cabinet members, turned his back on the plan, fired Morgenthau, and moved toward Germany's division between East and West, allowing West Germany to become the bulwark of Western opposition to Soviet expansionism in Europe.