Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) modulates dynamics of small pelagic fishes and ecosystem regime shifts in the eastern North and Central Atlantic
Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) modulates dynamics of small pelagic fishes and ecosystem regime shifts in the eastern North and Central Atlantic
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jmarsys.2013.11.002
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Tsikliras, Athanassios C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alheit, Juergen;Licandro, Priscilla;Tsikliras, Athanassios C.
在塞内加尔和挪威之间的北大西洋和中大西洋东部，小型中上层鱼类如凤尾鱼(Engraulis Encrasicolus)、沙丁鱼(Sardina Charchardus)、沙丁鱼(Sardinella Aurita)、斯普拉特(Sprattus Sprattus)和鲱鱼(Clupea Harengus)的种群数量和迁徙动态与大西洋数十年涛动(AMO)的冷暖阶段同步变化。这是通过汇编鱼类捕获量和轶事观察的回溯数据来体现的，在某些情况下，这些数据可以追溯到19世纪中期。AMO被定义为北大西洋(0-60度N)海表面温度异常的去趋势平均值。然而，主要并不是温度驱动了小型中上层鱼类种群的动态。相反，AMO似乎是北大西洋大气-海洋耦合系统中复杂过程的代表。这表现在围绕北大西洋移动水团的当前系统的强度和方向的大范围变化，可能涉及北大西洋涛动(NAO)、大西洋子午线翻转环流(AMOC)、地中海溢流水(MOW)和亚极地环流(SPG)。SPG的收缩和扩张显然起着关键作用。这一点在20世纪90年代中期尤为明显，当时热带气旋突然收缩，导致温暖的副热带水团向北部和东部移动。北大西洋东部和中部大西洋的小型中上层鱼类种群，包括地中海的种群，迅速作出反应，改变种群数量并向北迁徙。文本中详细描述的1990年代中期复杂的海洋-大气变化似乎导致了北大西洋和中大西洋东部生态系统的制度转变，小型中上层鱼类种群是这种转变的哨兵。(C)2013爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Dynamics of abundance and migrations of populations of small pelagic clupeoid fish such as anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), sardine (Sardina pilchardus), sardinella (Sardinella aurita), sprat (Sprattus sprattus) and herring (Clupea harengus) in the eastern North and Central Atlantic between Senegal and Norway vary in synchrony with the warm and cool phases of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). This is shown by compiling retrospective data on fish catches and anecdotal observations, which in some cases date back to the mid-19th century. The AMO is defined as the de-trended mean of North Atlantic (0-60 degrees N) sea surface temperature anomalies. However, it is not primarily the temperature which drives the dynamics of the small pelagic fish populations. Instead, the AMO seems to be a proxy for complex processes in the coupled atmosphere-ocean system of the North Atlantic. This is manifested in large-scale changes in strength and direction of the current system that move water masses around the North Atlantic and likely involves the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), the Mediterranean Overflow Water (MOW) and the subpolar gyre (SPG). The contractions and expansions of the SPG apparently play a key role. This was particularly obvious in the mid-1990s, when the SPG abruptly contracted with the result that warm subtropical water masses moved to the north and east. Small pelagic fish populations in the eastern North and Central Atlantic, including those in the Mediterranean responded quickly by changing abundances and migrating northwards. It seems that the complex ocean-atmosphere changes in the mid-1990s, which are described in the text in detail, caused a regime shift in the ecosystems of the eastern North and Central Atlantic and the small pelagic clupeoid fish populations are the sentinels of this shift. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.