Penile Microbiota and Female Partner Bacterial Vaginosis in Rakai, Uganda.
Penile Microbiota and Female Partner Bacterial Vaginosis in Rakai, Uganda.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.00589-15
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发表时间：
2015-06-16
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Gray RH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu CM;Hungate BA;Tobian AA;Ravel J;Prodger JL;Serwadda D;Kigozi G;Galiwango RM;Nalugoda F;Keim P;Wawer MJ;Price LB;Gray RH
细菌性阴道病（BV）是一种常见的阴道细菌失衡，与HIV风险和不良的妇产科结局相关。男性包皮环切术减少了阴茎上的BV相关细菌，并减少了女性伴侣的BV，但阴茎微生物群与女性伴侣BV之间的联系尚不清楚。我们测试了一个假设，即有一个女性伴侣与BV增加BV相关的细菌在未割包皮的男子。我们表征了阴茎微生物群的组成和密度（即，在来自乌干达Rakai的165名未行包皮环切术的男性中，通过基于16 S rRNA基因的广泛覆盖测序和定量PCR（qPCR），评估阴茎社区状态类型（CST）与女性伴侣Nugent评分之间的关联。我们发现了7个不同的阴茎CST的密度增加（CST 1至7）。CST 1 - 3和CST 4 - 7是两个主要的CST组。CST 4至7比CST 1至3具有更高的BV相关细菌的患病率和丰度，如动弯杆菌和小杆菌。CST 4至7的男性更有可能拥有一个高Nugent评分的女性伴侣（P = 0.03）。有两个或两个以上婚外伴侣的男性比只有婚姻伴侣的男性更有可能患有CST 4至7（CST 4至7患病率比，1.84; 95%置信区间[CI]，1.16至2.92）。女性伴侣Nugent BV与阴茎微生物群显著相关。我们的数据支持BV相关细菌通过性交进行交换，这可能解释BV复发和持续存在。细菌性阴道病（BV）与性有关，但不被认为是性传播疾病。我们的研究结果表明，未割包皮的阴茎是BV相关的生殖器厌氧菌的重要利基。此外，我们还发现了婚外性关系与男性BV相关细菌之间的联系，这与早期女性性活动与BV之间的联系相似。这表明BV相关细菌的性传播性。通过屏障方法减少细菌交换和管理男性BV相关细菌的携带可能会降低女性BV的持续性和复发率。
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal bacterial imbalance associated with risk for HIV and poor gynecologic and obstetric outcomes. Male circumcision reduces BV-associated bacteria on the penis and decreases BV in female partners, but the link between penile microbiota and female partner BV is not well understood. We tested the hypothesis that having a female partner with BV increases BV-associated bacteria in uncircumcised men. We characterized penile microbiota composition and density (i.e., the quantity of bacteria per swab) by broad-coverage 16S rRNA gene-based sequencing and quantitative PCR (qPCR) in 165 uncircumcised men from Rakai, Uganda. Associations between penile community state types (CSTs) and female partner’s Nugent score were assessed. We found seven distinct penile CSTs of increasing density (CST1 to 7). CST1 to 3 and CST4 to 7 were the two major CST groups. CST4 to 7 had higher prevalence and abundance of BV-associated bacteria, such as Mobiluncus and Dialister, than CST1 to 3. Men with CST4 to 7 were significantly more likely to have a female partner with a high Nugent score (P = 0.03). Men with two or more extramarital partners were significantly more likely to have CST4 to 7 than men with only marital partners (CST4 to 7 prevalence ratio, 1.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16 to 2.92). Female partner Nugent BV is significantly associated with penile microbiota. Our data support the exchange of BV-associated bacteria through intercourse, which may explain BV recurrence and persistence. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is sexually associated but not considered a sexually transmitted disease. Our findings suggest that the uncircumcised penis is an important niche for BV-associated genital anaerobes. In addition, we found a link between extramarital sexual relationships and BV-associated bacteria in men, which parallels earlier findings of the association between sexual activity and BV in women. This suggests the sexual transmissibility of BV-associated bacteria. Reducing bacterial exchange by barrier methods and managing carriage of BV-associated bacteria in men may decrease BV persistence and recurrence in women.