Limiting Population Growth and the Ford Foundation Contribution
Limiting Population Growth and the Ford Foundation Contribution
复制标题
限制人口增长和福特基金会的捐款
DOI：
10.2307/1972130
复制
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Caldwell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Caldwell;P. Caldwell
本书对福特基金会在人口领域研究生教育发展方面的投资进行了全面的历史回顾。20世纪60年代初，美国几所大学及时建立了学术人口计划，以满足第三世界国家建立新的人口/计划生育计划的迫切需要。福特基金会缺乏强制性的资金指导，这意味着高质量的创新项目可以迅速到位。在20世纪70年代，这些研究生项目中的许多成为了它们机构的正统组成部分--这一趋势增强了它们的声望，但削弱了它们与第三世界的联系。近年来，由于外国学生入学率下降，许多这些项目已经从计划生育管理转向健康管理。福特基金会停止资助大学的人口项目，原因有很多：保守主义的氛围越来越浓厚，对技术援助价值的争议越来越大，假设人口问题已经解决，基金会预算不断下降。作者敦促福特基金会重新考虑这一决定。基金会建立的人口中心为当代社会人口学提供了一个主要的锚。继续参与有几个原因。人们对非洲、中东和南亚大部分地区降低生育率的情况知之甚少。此外，如果没有新思想的注入，前景和研究方法都有僵化的危险。迫切需要进行小规模的试验性计划生育项目和对生殖的社会和经济背景进行长期的合作性非调查研究。福特基金会可以在这一努力中发挥宝贵的作用。
This book provides a comprehensive historical review of the Ford Foundations investment in the development of graduate education in the field of population. Academic population programs were established in several US universities in the early 1960s in time to address the critical need for the establishment of new population/family planning programs in Third World countries. The Ford Foundations lack of enforced direction of funding meant that high quality innovative programs could be quickly put in place. During the 1970s many of these graduate programs became orthodox components of their institutions--a trend that enhanced their respectability but weakened connections with the Third World. In recent years many of these programs have shifted from a family planning administration to health management emphasis in part because of declining foreign student enrollments. The Ford Foundation discontinued funding of university-based population programs as a result of many factors: an atmosphere of growing conservatism controversies about the value of technical aid assumption that the population problem has been solved and declining Foundation budgets. The author urges the Ford Foundation to reconsider this decision. The Foundations establishment of population centers has provided a major anchor for contemporary social demography. There are several reasons for continued involvement. Very little is known about reducing fertility in Africa the Middle East and much of South Asia. Moreover without an infusion of new ideas there is a danger of rigidity in both outlook and research approaches. There is an urgent need for small-scale experimental family planning projects and for long-term collaborative nonsurvey studies of the social and economic contexts of reproduction. The Ford Foundation could play a valuable role in this effort.