A brain-based account of the development of rule use in childhood
A brain-based account of the development of rule use in childhood
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.0963-7214.2006.00419.x
复制
发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Zelazo, Philip David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bunge, Silvia A.;Zelazo, Philip David
在儿童时期，遵循明确规则的能力会显著提高，但人们对这种行为改善背后的大脑结构和功能的变化知之甚少。从人类成年人和其他动物的神经科学研究，以及从新兴的文献在发展认知神经科学，我们提出了一个基于大脑的帐户的规则使用在童年的发展。本章重点讨论了在前额叶皮层不同部位表现的四种规则：逆转刺激-奖励关联的简单规则、成对的条件刺激-反应规则（包括单价和二价）以及在任务集中进行选择的高阶刺激-反应规则。据推测，规则使用的发展变化模式反映了前额叶皮层内特定区域的不同发展速度。
The ability to follow explicit rules improves dramatically during the course of childhood, but relatively little is known about the changes in brain structure and function that underlie this behavioral improvement. Drawing from neuroscientific studies in human adults and other animals, as well as from an emerging literature in developmental cognitive neuroscience, we propose a brain-based account of the development of rule use in childhood. This account focuses on four types of rules represented in different parts of the prefrontal cortex: simple rules for reversing stimulus-reward associations, pairs of conditional stimulus-response rules (both univalent and bivalent), and higher-order stimulus-response rules for selecting among task sets. It is hypothesized that the pattern of developmental changes in rule use reflects the different rates of development of specific regions within the prefrontal cortex.