Importance of Coarse Woody Debris to Avian Communities in Loblolly Pine Forests
Importance of Coarse Woody Debris to Avian Communities in Loblolly Pine Forests
复制标题
粗木质碎片对火炬松林鸟类群落的重要性
DOI：
10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.01019.x
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
J. Kilgo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Lohr;S. Gauthreaux;J. Kilgo
摘要/ Abstract摘要：为了探讨活雪松（Pinus taeda）林中直立（障碍）和脱落的粗木屑（DCWD）对鸟类群落的影响，比较了繁殖（1997-1999）和非繁殖（1997-1998、1998-1999）两种粗木屑清除和控制措施对鸟类群落的影响。在每个区块中，我们建立了四个实验单元：(1)去除DCWD，(2)去除障碍和DCWD，(3)和(4)未修改的对照图。我们量化了植被层，以确定它们对实验结果的影响。除DCWD和障碍物后，总繁殖鸟丰度、留鸟丰度、繁殖鸟多样性、繁殖鸟丰度和大冠鹟丰度均有所降低。全啄木鸟和卡罗莱纳鹪鹩（Thryothorus ludovicianus）的繁殖地因障碍物的清除而减少。弱挖掘和次级腔巢物种、新热带候鸟和东部土鳖（Pipilio erythrophthalmus）在去除DCWD的样地上的繁殖区域较少。红头啄木鸟（Melanerpes erythrocephalus）、中层和冠层筑巢物种的密度在所有CWD已被清除的样地中最低。清除CWD对非繁殖期鸟类群落没有影响。大多数繁殖期和非繁殖期物种利用稀疏的中层植被和发达的林下植被，而一些非繁殖期物种则利用稀疏的冠层和茂密的中层植被。阻碍和DCWD的保留，以及保持茂密的林下和稀疏的中层和冠层的做法，将为火炬松林的许多鸟类创造有利的繁殖栖息地。
Abstract: To investigate the importance of standing (snags) and down coarse woody debris ( DCWD) to bird communities in loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda) forests, we compared breeding (1997–1999) and nonbreeding (1997–1998, 1998–1999) responses of birds among two coarse woody debris (CWD) removal and control treatments. In each of four blocks, we established four experimental units: (1) DCWD removed, (2) snags and DCWD removed, and (3) and (4) unmodified control plots. We quantified vegetation layers to determine their effects on the experimental outcome. Total breeding bird abundance, abundance of resident species, breeding bird diversity, breeding species richness, and abundance of Great Crested Flycatchers ( Myiarchus crinitus) were reduced by the removal of DCWD and snags. Total woodpecker and Carolina Wren ( Thryothorus ludovicianus) breeding territories were reduced by snag removal. Weak excavating and secondary cavity‐nesting species, Neotropical migrants, and Eastern Towhees ( Pipilio erythrophthalmus) had fewer breeding territories on plots where DCWD was removed. Red‐headed Woodpeckers ( Melanerpes erythrocephalus) and midstory and canopy‐nesting species were at lowest densities on plots where all CWD had been removed. The CWD removal had no effect on the nonbreeding bird community. Most breeding and nonbreeding species used habitats with sparse midstory and well‐developed understory, whereas sparse canopy cover and dense midstory were important to some nonbreeding species. Snag and DCWD retention, and practices that maintain a dense understory and sparse midstory and canopy, will create favorable breeding habitat for many bird species of loblolly pine forests.