Labour Migration from China to Japan: International Students, Transnational Migrants
Labour Migration from China to Japan: International Students, Transnational Migrants
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从中国到日本的劳务移民：留学生、跨国移民
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发表时间：
2012
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通讯作者：
R. Drifte
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作者：
R. Drifte
倒数第二章重点讨论中日安全关系恶化对日本主要盟友美国的影响，强调美日同盟本身的性质所带来的各种困境（例如，以未满足的期望的形式）以及如何应对崛起的中国的不确定性。最后一章就如何降低中日发生冲突的可能性提出了一些建议。布什拒绝接受诸如大和解、解决领土争端以及就过去问题达成和解等超出两国能力范围的方案，并建议首先采取目标有限的更务实的方案。这将包括建立“以建立信任措施形式的安全制度”（第294页），这反过来又会通过积极的互动产生信任；布什认为，从制度上讲，各国情报系统的改进和军民关系改革（在中国减少解放军的自主权，在日本放松对自卫队的限制）也将有助于缓解紧张局势；最后，关于美日同盟，作者认为日本和美国应该共同创造一套“让东亚所有国家能够共存的环境，避免权力争夺的悲剧”（第313页）。
The penultimate chapter focuses on the implications for the USA, Japan’s chief ally, of a deterioration in Sino-Japanese security relations, highlighting the various dilemmas attached to the nature of the US-Japan alliance itself (for example, in the form of unmet expectations) and the uncertainties of how to deal with a rising China. The final chapter offers some suggestions as to how to reduce the probability of conflict between China and Japan. Rejecting approaches such as a grand rapprochement, resolution of the territorial dispute, and reconciliation on the past as beyond the grasp of the two countries, Bush suggests a more pragmatic approach with limited objectives in the first instance. This would include the establishment of a “security regime in the form of confidence-building measures” (p. 294) which in turn would engender trust through positive interactions; institutionally, Bush argues that improvements in each country’s intelligence systems and reform of civil-military relations (in China, to reduce the autonomy of the PLA, and in Japan to relax the constraints on the SDF) would also help mitigate tensions; and finally, with regard to the USJapan alliance, the author posits that Japan and the USA should work jointly to create a set of “circumstances that allow all the countries of East Asia to coexist and avoid the tragedy of competing for power” (p. 313).