Not a level playing field: A qualitative study exploring structural, community and individual determinants of greenspace use amongst low-income multi-ethnic families
Not a level playing field: A qualitative study exploring structural, community and individual determinants of greenspace use amongst low-income multi-ethnic families
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DOI：
10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.01.018
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
McEachan, Rosemary R. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cronin-de-Chavez, Anna;Islam, Shahid;McEachan, Rosemary R. C.
绿色空间对身心健康很重要。城市贫困地区的低收入、多民族人口在使用绿地方面遇到了一些障碍。这可能会加剧健康不平等。本研究探讨了英国英格兰北部一个城市、贫困、多元文化地区幼儿家长绿地使用的结构性和个体性决定因素。在2016年12月至2017年5月期间，对30名0-3岁儿童的父母进行了半结构化的深入访谈和焦点小组讨论，这些父母来自不同的种族群体。主题分析参考了人类健康栖息地地图和理论领域框架。结果表明，虽然所有的家庭都认识到绿地的好处，但使用受到各种结构，社区和个人决定因素的限制。阻止使用的个人决定因素包括缺乏关于去哪里或如何到达那里的知识以及在户外管理幼儿的信心。对犯罪、反社会行为和事故的恐惧是使用的最大障碍，即使是在高质量的空间。社会和社区的影响既积极鼓励使用（例如，积极的社会互动和他人的实际支持），也防止使用（在绿地中经历的反社会或不适当的行为）。建筑环境是使用的一个关键障碍。查明的问题涉及不适合或不安全的游乐场、没有花园或儿童游戏的安全区域、无障碍环境差以及缺乏厕所。然而，父母和孩子对自然蓝色和绿色特征的重视是一个使用的推动因素。环境影响包括外部时间压力、运输和照顾幼儿的困难以及恶劣的天气。需要多部门努力，解决多族裔、城市和贫困社区所经历的不公平竞争环境。增加使用的举措应该解决结构质量问题，解决对安全的担忧，同时鼓励社区收回当地的绿地。
Greenspace is important for physical and mental health. Low-income, multi-ethnic populations in deprived urban areas experience several barriers to using greenspace. This may exacerbate health inequalities. The current study explored structural and individual determinants of greenspace use amongst parents of young children in an urban, deprived, multi-cultural area situated in the North of England, UK. Semi-structured in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with 30 parents of children aged 0-3 between December 2016 and May 2017 from a range of ethnic groups. Thematic analyses were informed by the Human Health Habitat Map and the Theoretical Domains Framework. The results show that whilst all families recognised the benefits of greenspaces, use was bounded by a variety of structural, community, and individual determinants. Individual determinants preventing use included lack of knowledge about where to go, or how to get there and confidence in managing young children whilst outdoors. Fear of crime, antisocial behaviour and accidents were the overriding barriers to use, even in high quality spaces. Social and community influences both positively encouraged use (for example, positive social interactions, and practical support by others) and prevented use (antisocial or inappropriate behaviours experienced in greenspace). The built environment was a key barrier to use. Problems related to unsuitable or unsafe playgrounds, no gardens or safe areas for children's play, poor accessibility, and lack of toilets were identified. However, the value that parents and children placed on natural blue and green features was an enabler to use. Contextual influences included external time pressures, difficulties of transporting and caring for young children and poor weather. Multi-sectoral efforts are needed to tackle the uneven playing field experienced by mull-ethnic, urban, deprived communities. Initiatives to increase use should tackle structural quality issues, addressing fears about safety, whilst simultaneously encouraging communities to reclaim their local greenspaces.