Helmsman is expressed in both trachea and photoreceptor development: partial inactivation alters tracheal morphology and visually guided behavior.
Helmsman is expressed in both trachea and photoreceptor development: partial inactivation alters tracheal morphology and visually guided behavior.
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Helmsman 在气管和光感受器发育中都有表达：部分失活会改变气管形态和视觉引导行为。
DOI：
10.1080/01677060801893276
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Pollock,JohnA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McKay,JamesP;Nightingale,Barbara;Pollock,JohnA
我们已经鉴定了helmsman（hlm）基因，它在果蝇神经网络发育过程中的感光细胞中表达，在胚胎气管的伸长细胞中也有表达。光感受器神经元和胚胎气管细胞都能精确地定向生长，以进行细胞间的特异性识别。在胚胎发生过程中表达反义hlm-干扰RNA阻止发育中的气管细胞的伸长并阻断成熟。在视觉系统形成过程中表达hlm-干扰RNA导致视力下降和视觉运动反应性能差，指示神经网络发育异常。我们还从与果蝇相差约1亿年的Lucilia cuprina（澳大利亚绿头苍蝇）中克隆了hlm，并在整个558个氨基酸的蛋白质中发现了90%的蛋白质同一性。对在其他物种中发现的hlm序列的分析表明，维持hlm蛋白序列存在着巨大的进化压力。我们的解释是，在伸长的气管和伸长的光感受器细胞中，这两种细胞都参与了细胞成熟。已知使用免疫球蛋白样细胞粘附分子的细胞粘附和细胞信号传导可以使用类似于补体的分子系统来产生蛋白质复合物以调节生长。
We have identifiedhelmsman(hlm), which is expressed in the fruit fly photoreceptor cells during neural network development.Hlmis also expressed in the elongating cells of the embryonic trachea. Both photoreceptor neurons and embryonic trachea cells elongate in precise, targeted growth for cell-to-cell specific recognition. Expression of antisensehlm-interfering RNA during embryogenesis arrests elongation of the developing tracheal cells and blocks maturation. Expression ofhlm-interfering RNA during visual system formation results in reduced visual acuity and poor performance in optomotor response, indicative of abnormal neural network development.Hlmis a unique cell surface protein with complement-like protein interaction motifs. We have also clonedhlmfromLucilia cuprina(Australian blowfly), which is approximately 100 million years divergent fromDrosophila,and find a remarkable 90% protein identity over the entire 558 amino acid protein. Analysis of thehlmsequence found in other species indicates a significant evolutionary pressure to maintain thehlmprotein sequence. Our interpretation is thathlmis involved in cell maturation in both the elongating trachea and elongating photoreceptor cells. Cell adhesion and cell signaling, which are known to use immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules, may use molecular systems analogous to complement to create protein complexes to regulate growth.