Gaze bias both reflects and influences preference
Gaze bias both reflects and influences preference
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DOI：
10.1038/nn1150
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
25
通讯作者：
Scheier, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shimojo, S;Simion, C;Scheier, C
情绪沿着接近和厌恶的维度起作用，我们有理由假设定向行为与涉及情绪的过程（如偏好决策）有着内在的联系。在这里，我们描述了一个凝视“级联效应”，这是目前人类观察者显示成对的人脸，并指示决定哪张脸更有吸引力。他们的目光最初均匀地分布在两个刺激物之间，但随后逐渐转向他们最终选择的面孔。注视偏差显着较弱的脸形状歧视任务。在第二个系列的实验中，操纵的凝视时间，但不是曝光时间单独，偏见观察员的偏好决定。因此，我们得出结论，凝视是积极参与偏好的形成。当参与者比较抽象的，不熟悉的形状的吸引力时，也存在凝视级联效应，这表明对物体的定向和偏好通常在导致有意识选择的正反馈循环中内在地联系在一起。
Emotions operate along the dimension of approach and aversion, and it is reasonable to assume that orienting behavior is intrinsically linked to emotionally involved processes such as preference decisions. Here we describe a gaze 'cascade effect' that was present when human observers were shown pairs of human faces and instructed to decide which face was more attractive. Their gaze was initially distributed evenly between the two stimuli, but then gradually shifted toward the face that they eventually chose. Gaze bias was significantly weaker in a face shape discrimination task. In a second series of experiments, manipulation of gaze duration, but not exposure duration alone, biased observers' preference decisions. We thus conclude that gaze is actively involved in preference formation. The gaze cascade effect was also present when participants compared abstract, unfamiliar shapes for attractiveness, suggesting that orienting and preference for objects in general are intrinsically linked in a positive feedback loop leading to the conscious choice.