Genetic Diversity of Plasmodium falciparum Populations in Malaria Declining Areas of Sabah, East Malaysia.
Genetic Diversity of Plasmodium falciparum Populations in Malaria Declining Areas of Sabah, East Malaysia.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0152415
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Abdullah NR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mohd Abd Razak MR;Sastu UR;Norahmad NA;Abdul-Karim A;Muhammad A;Muniandy PK;Jelip J;Rundi C;Imwong M;Mudin RN;Abdullah NR
马来西亚的国家目标是到 2020 年消除疟疾。了解残留传播灶中疟原虫的遗传多样性可以提供宝贵的信息，为实现消除目标的干预策略提供信息。本研究旨在确定沙巴州疟疾残留疫源区恶性疟原虫分离株的遗传多样性水平。在卡拉巴坎和哥打马鲁都进行了疟疾活跃病例检测。通过快速诊断测试对研究地点的所有个体进行疟疾感染筛查。在提取 DNA 之前，将来自恶性疟原虫感染个体的血液收集在滤纸上。使用裂殖子表面蛋白 1 (MSP-1)、裂殖子表面蛋白 2 (MSP-2)、富含谷氨酸的蛋白 (GLURP) 和 10 个中性微卫星位点标记进行基因分型。确定等位基因的大小、感染复数（MOI）、等位基因平均数（Na）、预期杂合性（He）、连锁不平衡（LD）和遗传分化（FST）。在卡拉巴坎，MSP-1 和 MSP-2 等位基因分别主要是 K1 和 FC27 家族类型。 GLURP 基因型 VI (751–800 bp) 占主导地位。 MSP-1 和 MSP-2 的 MOI 分别为 1.65 和 1.20。每个微卫星位点的 Na 为 1.70。 MSP-1、MSP-2、GLURP 和中性微卫星的 He 值分别为 0.17、0.37、0.70 和 0.33。在 Kota Marudu，MSP-1 和 MSP-2 等位基因分别主要是 MAD20 和 3D7 家族类型。 GLURP 基因型 IV（651-700 bp）占主导地位。 MSP-1 和 MSP-2 的 MOI 均为 1.05。每个微卫星位点的 Na 为 3.60。 MSP-1、MSP-2、GLURP 和中性微卫星的 He 值分别为 0.24、0.25、0.69 和 0.30。在 Kalabakan（0.495，p<0.01）和 Kota Marudu 恶性疟原虫种群（0.601，p<0.01）中观察到显着的 LD。观察到 Kalabakan 和 Kota Marudu 恶性疟原虫种群之间存在高度遗传分化（FST = 0.532）。本研究的遗传数据强调了沙巴州疟疾减少地区恶性疟原虫种群的有限多样性和对比遗传模式。
Malaysia has a national goal to eliminate malaria by 2020. Understanding the genetic diversity of malaria parasites in residual transmission foci can provide invaluable information which may inform the intervention strategies used to reach elimination targets. This study was conducted to determine the genetic diversity level of P. falciparum isolates in malaria residual foci areas of Sabah. Malaria active case detection was conducted in Kalabakan and Kota Marudu. All individuals in the study sites were screened for malaria infection by rapid diagnostic test. Blood from P. falciparum-infected individuals were collected on filter paper prior to DNA extraction. Genotyping was performed using merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1), merozoite surface protein-2 (MSP-2), glutamate rich protein (GLURP) and 10 neutral microsatellite loci markers. The size of alleles, multiplicity of infection (MOI), mean number of alleles (Na), expected heterozygosity (He), linkage disequilibrium (LD) and genetic differentiation (FST) were determined. In Kalabakan, the MSP-1 and MSP-2 alleles were predominantly K1 and FC27 family types, respectively. The GLURP genotype VI (751–800 bp) was predominant. The MOI for MSP-1 and MSP-2 were 1.65 and 1.20, respectively. The Na per microsatellite locus was 1.70. The He values for MSP-1, MSP-2, GLURP and neutral microsatellites were 0.17, 0.37, 0.70 and 0.33, respectively. In Kota Marudu, the MSP-1 and MSP-2 alleles were predominantly MAD20 and 3D7 family types, respectively. The GLURP genotype IV (651–700 bp) was predominant. The MOI for both MSP-1 and MSP-2 was 1.05. The Na per microsatellite locus was 3.60. The He values for MSP-1, MSP-2, GLURP and neutral microsatellites were 0.24, 0.25, 0.69 and 0.30, respectively. A significant LD was observed in Kalabakan (0.495, p<0.01) and Kota Marudu P. falciparum populations (0.601, p<0.01). High genetic differentiation between Kalabakan and Kota Marudu P. falciparum populations was observed (FST = 0.532). The genetic data from the present study highlighted the limited diversity and contrasting genetic pattern of P. falciparum populations in the malaria declining areas of Sabah.