A review of recent literature on materialist and psychosocial models for racial and ethnic disparities in birth outcomes in the US, 2000-2014
A review of recent literature on materialist and psychosocial models for racial and ethnic disparities in birth outcomes in the US, 2000-2014
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DOI：
10.1080/13557858.2016.1247150
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Warren, Nicholas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mutambudzi, Miriam;Meyer, John D.;Warren, Nicholas
目的：物质和社会心理因素加剧了健康结果的种族差异。本综述旨在确定物质和社会心理因素对黑人和白人母亲低出生体重（LBW）和早产（PTD）结局差异的影响。设计：对以下研究进行了搜索和回顾：(a)作为物质条件指标的社区贫困，(b)作为社会心理压力指标的种族歧视或职业压力因素。关注的结果是LBW和PTD。结果：物质和社会心理因素对黑人的负面影响大于白人，并且与不良后果的增加有关。在五项黑人同质研究样本的研究中，有三项报告对暴露于物质或社会心理因素的妇女的结果没有影响。结论：通过本综述，我们发现在考虑了个人因素后，与白人女性相比，黑人女性由于心理社会压力和中观水平剥夺而出现不良后果的风险更高。需要更好地了解黑人妇女的物质和社会心理因素对健康结果的影响。对物质主义和社会心理因素的进一步调查，将使我们更好地了解导致美国PTD和LBW差异的因素。
Objective: Material and psychosocial factors exacerbate racial disparities in health outcomes. This review sought to ascertain recent knowledge of the effects of materialist and psychosocial factors on differences in low birthweight (LBW) and preterm delivery (PTD) outcomes between Black and White mothers.Design: Search and review was conducted for studies that examined: (a) neighborhood-level deprivation as an indicator of material conditions, and (b) racial discrimination or occupational stressors as indicators of psychosocial stress. The outcomes of interest were LBW and PTD.Results: Material and psychosocial factors significantly and negatively affected Blacks more than Whites, and were associated with increased adverse outcomes. Of five studies with a homogeneous Black study sample, three reported no effect on outcomes in women exposed to material or psychosocial factors.Conclusion: Through this review we find that in comparison to White women, Black women are at higher risk of adverse outcomes due to both psychosocial stress and meso-level deprivation, after accounting for personal factors. A better understanding of effects on health outcomes of material and psychosocial factors in Black women is needed. Further investigation into materialist and psychosocial factors, will allow us to better understand the factors driving PTD and LBW disparities in the US.