The Nesting Biology of Some Passerines of Buenos Aires, Argentina
The Nesting Biology of Some Passerines of Buenos Aires, Argentina
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阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯的一些雀形目鸟类的筑巢生物学
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发表时间：
1985
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Mason
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作者：
P. Mason
在阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯省相距约20公里的两个研究地点收集了两个季节的筑巢数据。社区组成不同的网站。这些数据包括对巢、蛋和雏鸟的简要描述。孵化期和雏鸟期的持续时间也提出。巢存活率的最大似然估计分别计算巢蛋和巢雏鸟。八种雏鸟寄生有马蝇幼虫（可能Philornis sp.）。从广义上讲，在复杂或封闭巢穴中筑巢的物种比建造杯巢的物种具有更高的生存率。然而，比较死亡率的棕Hornero和红花雀使用巢的前者表明，该物种的行为大大有助于生存。红雀筑巢在hornero巢显示较差的生存比hornero本身。尽管如此，红花雀使用这些巢址有上级生存比那些使用其他巢。人口统计数据也允许拒绝的假设，防止总巢失败的选择剂有利于异步孵化的棕褐色Hornero。继续。Se colecciono informaci6n de anidaci6n durante dos temporadas en dos sitios distantes 20 km entre si，en la provincia de Buenos Aires，Argentina.社区的组成在不同的地点有所不同。这些数据包括了鸟粪、粪便和污物。Tambien提供有关孵化期和衰老期的信息。分别计算了最大的短期生活估计值，以确定是否有肝和肝污染。八种小蜂寄生于莫斯卡幼虫（probablemente Philornos sp.）。总的来说，在蒂嫩或洞穴中的动物种类主要是在洞穴中的动物种类，它们蒂嫩主要是在洞穴中。通过对红褐色和藏红花的死亡率的比较，我们可以看出，红褐色和藏红花的生存时间与物种的生存时间有关。用藏红花做头发，蒂嫩可以让你的头发更漂亮。相对于其他人来说，我们在晚上蒂嫩时的游泳圈是我们在其他地方游泳时的游泳圈。人口信息也使我们有可能通过选择性地培育棕褐色土壤的方式来预防全面的抗衰老。筑巢生物学的研究有助于以各种方式发展生物知识。描述性的自然历史观察记录了生命的多样性，这些观察的积累最终允许构建一般假设。有些信息可以通过应用于当前理论立即得到解释。在巢中收集的许多数据，如蛋的大小，窝卵数，孵化期和雏鸟期的长度，以及巢存活率是鸟类生活史属性中最基本的。这些参数的值，这有助于健身和选择，往往是未知的。本文件有两个目的。首先，它提供了一个描述性的数据发生在温带，南美雀形目鸟类的巢穴。其次，它解释了人口统计数据的适当部分。特别是，这些分析研究巢生存和巢的位置之间的关系，包括种间和种内。最后，比较在鸡蛋和雏鸟阶段的存活率是用来测试异步孵化在这里观察到的单一雀形目物种显示此特性的假设。
Nesting data were collected over two seasons at two study sites approximately 20 km apart in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Community composition differed between sites. The data include brief descriptions of nests, eggs, and nestlings. The duration of incubation and nestling periods are also presented. Maximum likelihood estimators of nest survivorship are calculated separately for nests with eggs and nests with nestlings. Nestlings of eight species were parasitized with botfly larvae (probably Philornis sp.). Broadly speaking, species that nest in complex or closed nests have higher survivorship than species which build cup nests. However, a comparison of mortality of the Rufous Hornero and the Saffron Finch using nests of the former indicates that the behavior of the species contributes greatly to survivorship. Saffron Finches nesting in hornero nests show poorer survivorship than the horneros themselves. Nonetheless, Saffron Finches using these nest sites have superior survivorship to those which use other nests. The demographic data also permit the rejection of the hypothesis of prevention of total nest failure as the selective agent favoring asynchronous hatching in the Rufous Hornero. RESUMEN. Se colecciono informaci6n de anidaci6n durante dos temporadas en dos sitios distantes 20 km entre si, en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. La composici6n de la comunidad difiere entre ambos sitios. Los datos incluyen breves descripciones de nido, huevos y polluelos. Tambien se presenta informaci6n respecto a la duraci6n de la incubaci6n y el periodo de anidaci6n. Se calculan separadamente las estimaciones maximas de sobrevivencia, para nidos con huevos y nidos con polluelos. Polluelos de ocho especies estaban parasitados por larvas de la mosca (probablemente Philornos sp.). Generalmente, las especies que anidan en nidos complejos o cerrados tienen mayor tasa de sobrevivencia que las especies cuyos nidos tienen forma de copa. Sin embargo una comparaci6n de la mortalidad del hornero Rufous y el Pinz6n Saffron usando nidos de hornero indican que la sobrevivencia esta relacionada con el comportamiento de la especie. Pinzones Saffron que anidan en nidos de horneros, tienen menor sobrevivencia que los mismos horneros. A pesar de lo cual, los pinzones que usan nidos de hornero tienen mayor sobrevivencia que los pinzones que usan otros nidos. La informaci6n demografica tambien permite rechazar la hipotesis de prevenci6n de fracaso total de anidaci6n como un agente selectivo favoreciendo la incubaci6n asincr6nica del hornero Rufous. Studies of nesting biology contribute to the development of biological knowledge in a variety of ways. Descriptive natural history observations document the diversity of life, and the accumulation of such observations eventually allows the construction of general hypotheses. Some information can be interpreted immediately through its application to current theory. Many of the data collected at nests, such as egg size, clutch size, length of incubation and nestling periods, and nest survivorship are among the most fundamental of avian life-history attributes. The values of these parameters, which contribute to fitness and are subject to selection, are often unknown. The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it supplies a body of descriptive data on events that occur at nests of temperate, South American passerines. Second, it interprets appropriate portions of the demographic data. In particular, these analyses examine the relationship between nest survivorship and nest placement, both interand intraspecifically. Finally, a comparison of survival rates during the egg and nestling phases is used to test a hypothesis of asynchronous hatching in the single passerine species observed here to display this trait.