Racial differences in ion regulation and their possible links to hypertension in blacks.
Racial differences in ion regulation and their possible links to hypertension in blacks.
复制标题
离子调节的种族差异及其与黑人高血压的可能联系。
DOI：
10.1161/01.hyp.14.6.584
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gardner,J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aviv,A;Gardner,J
为了阐明引起原发性高血压的细胞过程，重要的是要区分易患这种疾病的遗传因素与促进其表达的环境因素。为实现这一目标采取了两个主要办法。一种方法是研究原发性高血压患者血压正常的一级亲属的各种细胞参数，1-6，另一种方法是研究黑人和白人之间的细胞差异，因为原发性高血压家族史和种族提取在这种疾病的易感性中起作用。本次交流的重点是第二种方法，即可能导致黑人原发性高血压患病率更高的细胞机制。由于美国黑人的原发性高血压发病率高于白人，7-11，特别是盐敏感型高血压，12-14，因此，阐明离子转运中种族差异的机制也可能揭示导致这种疾病至少某些方面的特定遗传因素。大多数研究已经使用血细胞来鉴定和了解原发性高血压中离子的细胞调节的改变。这些研究的基础是两个主要假设：1）血细胞的改变代表一种普遍现象，2）如果在特定的靶细胞中存在类似的改变，如血管平滑肌细胞（VSMC）或肾小管上皮细胞，它们可能导致易感个体的血压升高。这些假设尚未经过严格检验。红细胞和在较小程度上的白细胞一直是研究的主要目标
To illuminate cellular processes that cause essential hypertension, it is important to distinguish genetic factors in the predisposition to this disease from the environmental elements that facilitate its expression. Two major approaches have been undertaken to attain this goal. One approach is to study various cellular parameters in normotensive first-degree relatives of patients with essential hypertension, 1-6 and the other is to examine cellular differences between blacks and whites, because both familial history of essential hypertension and racial extraction play a role in the predisposition to this disease. The focus of this communication is on the second approach, namely the cellular mechanisms that may be responsible for the greater prevalence of essential hypertension in blacks. Inasmuch as blacks in the United States manifest a higher frequency of essential hypertension than whites, 7-11 particularly the saltsensitive form of the disease, 12-14 it is likely that elucidating the mechanisms responsible for the racial differences in ion transport will also unravel the specific genetic factors responsible for at least some aspects of this disease.Because blood is easily accessible, most investigations have used blood cells to identify and gain insight into alterations of cellular regulation of ions in essential hypertension. Underlying these studies are two major assumptions: 1) alterations in blood cells represent a generalized phenomenon, and 2) if similar alterations are present in specific target cells, such as vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) or the renal tubular epithelium, they can predispose or contribute to blood pressure elevation in susceptible individuals. These assumptions have not been rigorously tested. Erythrocytes and to a lesser extent leukocytes have been main targets of research