Food reinforcement, energy intake, and macronutrient choice
Food reinforcement, energy intake, and macronutrient choice
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DOI：
10.3945/ajcn.110.010314
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Fletcher, Kelly D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Epstein, Leonard H.;Carr, Katelyn A.;Fletcher, Kelly D.
背景：食物是激励人们吃东西的强大强化物。食物的相对强化值（RRVfood）与肥胖和能量摄入有关，并与冲动性相互作用预测能量摄入。目的：目前尚未研究RRVfood与人类随意进食任务中常量营养素选择的关系；然而，动物研究表明，糖或简单碳水化合物可能是食物中奖励价值的决定因素。这项研究评估了哪些宏量营养素与食物强化有关。设计：对273名具有不同体重指数的成年人进行rrv食物、阅读的相对强化值、食物享乐、随意味觉测试中的能量摄入以及从重复的24小时饮食回忆中获得的通常能量摄入的评估。使用多元回归来评估总能量和与控制后大量营养素摄入相关的能量预测因子之间的关系，包括年龄、性别、收入、教育程度、少数民族身份和其他大量营养素摄入。结果：研究结果表明，对食物与阅读的相对反应比例（RRVprop）与体重指数、实验室测量的能量摄入和日常能量摄入呈正相关。此外，RRVprop是糖摄入量的预测因子，但不是总碳水化合物、脂肪或蛋白质摄入量的预测因子。结论：这些结果与基础动物研究结果一致，即糖与食物奖励有关，并且与食物奖励过程与进食的关系比与食物享乐的关系更密切的假设相一致。该试验在clinicaltrials.gov注册为NCT00962117。m J . clinn [2011]；94:12-8。
Background: Food is a powerful reinforcer that motivates people to eat. The relative reinforcing value of food (RRVfood) is associated with obesity and energy intake and interacts with impulsivity to predict energy intake.Objective: How RRVfood is related to macronutrient choice in ad libitum eating tasks in humans has not been studied; however, animal research suggests that sugar or simple carbohydrates may be a determinant of reward value in food. This study assessed which macronutrients are associated with food reinforcement.Design: Two hundred seventy-three adults with various body mass indexes were assessed for RRVfood, the relative reinforcing value of reading, food hedonics, energy intake in an ad libitum taste test, and usual energy intake derived from repeated 24-h dietary recalls. Multiple regression was used to assess the relation between predictors of total energy and energy associated with macronutrient intake after control for age, sex, income, education, minority status, and other macronutrient intakes.Results: The results showed that the relative proportion of responding for food compared with reading (RRVprop) was positively related to body mass index, laboratory-measured energy intake, and usual energy intake. In addition, RRVprop was a predictor of sugar intake but not of total carbohydrate, fat, or protein intake.Conclusion: These results are consistent with basic animal research showing that sugar is related to food reward and with the hypothesis that food reward processes are more strongly related to eating than are food hedonics. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00962117. Am J Clin Nutr 2011; 94:12-8.