An assessment of the environmental fate and exposure of benzene and the chlorobenzenes in Canada
An assessment of the environmental fate and exposure of benzene and the chlorobenzenes in Canada
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DOI：
10.1016/s0045-6535(98)00394-4
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发表时间：
1999-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Mackay, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MacLeod, M;Mackay, D
对苯和氯苯的命运进行了系统的建模，该建模遵循了化学分类、量化排放率和环境浓度、命运评估评估和区域质量平衡建模的四个阶段。EQC模型被应用于确定这组化学物质所经历的主要传输和转化过程，这些化学物质的挥发性和疏水性变化很大。观测到的环境浓度与化学命运的稳态III级ChemCAN模型的预测结果符合得很好。一个多途径人体暴露模型估计了安大略省南部居民对污染物的摄入量，并应用于这些化学品。提出了一种新的计算环境最大耐受浓度的方法。结果表明，苯和1,4-二氯苯在环境中的含量足以使暴露量接近一般人群的允许日摄入量（ADI）水平，但其他物质的含量导致暴露量在ADI的1/10至1/1000之间。1999爱思唯尔科学有限公司版权所有。
Systematic modelling of the fate of benzene and the chlorobenzenes is presented which follows a four-stage process of chemical classification, quantifying discharge rates and environmental concentrations, evaluative assessment of fate and regional mass balance modelling has been carried out for the southern Ontario region. The EQC model was applied to determine the principal transport and transformation processes experienced by this group of chemicals, which vary considerably in volatility and hydrophobicity. Observed environmental concentrations are in satisfactory agreement with the predictions of the steady state Level III ChemCAN model of chemical fate. A multiple pathway human exposure model which estimates intake of contaminants by residents of southern Ontario has been developed and applied to these chemicals. A novel method of deducing maximum tolerable environmental concentrations is presented. Results suggest that benzene and 1,4-dichlorobenzene are present in the environment at levels sufficient to cause exposures near allowable daily intake (ADI) levels for the general population, but the other substances are present at levels which result in exposure ranging from 1/10 to 1/1000 of the ADI. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.