Montsechia, an ancient aquatic angiosperm
Montsechia, an ancient aquatic angiosperm
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1509241112
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Dilcher, David L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gomez, Bernard;Daviero-Gomez, Veronique;Dilcher, David L.
被子植物在不同生态位中的早期多样性知之甚少。有些人提出起源于黑暗的森林栖息地，另一些人则提出起源于开放的水生或近水生栖息地。这里介绍的研究集中在Montsechia vidalii，首次从100多年前西班牙比利牛斯山脉的石版石灰石矿床中发现。这种化石材料在过去一直被误解和误解。现在，基于对1,000多个精心准备的标本的研究，对Montsechia进行了详细的分析。该植物的形态和解剖学，包括其繁殖方面，表明Montsechia是Ceratophyllum的姐妹（无论是否有主干）。Montsechia是一种水生被子植物，生活和繁殖在水面以下，类似于金鱼藻。Montsechia是Barremian的年龄，提出了问题的非常早期的分歧金鱼藻分支相比，它的地位作为姐妹的真双子叶植物在许多分支分析。早白垩世的水生被子植物，如Escherichia和Montsechia，开放的可能性，水生植物是当地常见的被子植物进化的早期阶段，水生栖息地可能发挥了重要作用，在一些早期被子植物谱系的多样化。
The early diversification of angiosperms in diverse ecological niches is poorly understood. Some have proposed an origin in a darkened forest habitat and others an open aquatic or near aquatic habitat. The research presented here centers on Montsechia vidalii, first recovered from lithographic limestone deposits in the Pyrenees of Spain more than 100 y ago. This fossil material has been poorly understood and misinterpreted in the past. Now, based upon the study of more than 1,000 carefully prepared specimens, a detailed analysis of Montsechia is presented. The morphology and anatomy of the plant, including aspects of its reproduction, suggest that Montsechia is sister to Ceratophyllum (whenever cladistic analyses are made with or without a backbone). Montsechia was an aquatic angiosperm living and reproducing below the surface of the water, similar to Ceratophyllum. Montsechia is Barremian in age, raising questions about the very early divergence of the Ceratophyllum clade compared with its position as sister to eudicots in many cladistic analyses. Lower Cretaceous aquatic angiosperms, such as Archaefructus and Montsechia, open the possibility that aquatic plants were locally common at a very early stage of angiosperm evolution and that aquatic habitats may have played a major role in the diversification of some early angiosperm lineages.