The Roles of Gender and Demeanor in Perceptions of Female Surgeons
The Roles of Gender and Demeanor in Perceptions of Female Surgeons
复制标题
性别和举止在女外科医生认知中的作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Ascher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Braun;P. O’Sullivan;M. Dusch;M. McGrath;N. Ascher
社会期望因性别而异。男性被期望是直接和自信的（“代理”），而女性被期望是支持和养育的（“公共”）。在传统上由男性主导的职业中，比如外科，能动性是被期待和奖励的。这给女外科医生造成了双重标准，她们同时被期望是公共的和代理的。我们在2006年至2015年间进行了一系列研究，目的是描述女外科医生的行为举止，女外科医生如何感知她们的行为举止，以及专业同事、学员和患者如何感知她们的行为举止。我们首先对女护士和女外科医生进行了一系列的焦点小组调查，然后对女外科实习生和普通外科医生进行了调查，最后进行了一系列基于调查的研究，以描述实习生和同事的看法。我们发现，女性外科医生的预期行为举止与实际行为举止之间仍然存在不匹配，女性外科医生和实习生认为她们的行为举止既包括代理特征，也包括公共特征，护士、实习生和同事更喜欢公共特征的外科医生，而不是患者。
Societal expectations vary according to gender. Men are expected to be direct and assertive (“agentic”), while women are expected to be supportive and nurturing (“communal”). In professions that are traditionally male-dominated, such as surgery, agentic traits are expected and rewarded. This creates a double standard for female surgeons, who are simultaneously expected to be communal and agentic. We conducted a series of studies between 2006 and 2015 with the goal of characterizing the demeanor of female surgeons, how female surgeons perceive their demeanor, and how professional colleagues, trainees, and patients perceive their demeanor. We first conducted a series of focus groups with female nurses and surgeons, next administered a survey to female surgical trainees and staff surgeons, and finally conducted a series of survey-based studies to characterize the perceptions of trainees and colleagues. We found that there is still a mismatch between expected and actual demeanor for female surgeons, that female surgeons and trainees believe that their demeanor consists of both agentic and communal traits, and that communal surgeons are preferred by nurses, trainees, and colleagues, but not by patients.
面对刻板印象。
影响因子：
25
作者：
Hebart,MartinN;Baker,ChrisI
通讯作者：
Baker,ChrisI