Sex disparities in cancer incidence by period and age.
Sex disparities in cancer incidence by period and age.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-1118
复制
发表时间：
2009-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McGlynn KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cook MB;Dawsey SM;Freedman ND;Inskip PD;Wichner SM;Quraishi SM;Devesa SS;McGlynn KA
癌症流行病学手稿经常指出，男性的癌症发病率往往高于女性，但很少有这一主题的调查。我们使用监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER）程序数据计算1975-2004年期间特定癌症部位和组织学的年龄调整（2000年美国标准人群）性别特异性发病率和男女发病率比（IRR）。男性对女性IRR最高的10种癌症是卡波西肉瘤（28.73）、唇（7.16）、喉（5.17）、间皮瘤（4.88）、下咽（4.13）、膀胱（3.92）、食管（3.49）、扁桃体（3.07）、口咽（3.06）和其他泌尿器官（2.92）。只有五种癌症女性发病率高于男性：乳腺癌（0.01）、腹膜、网膜和肠系膜癌（0.18）、甲状腺癌（0.39）、胆囊癌（0.57）和肛门、肛管和肛门直肠癌（0.81）。在1975年至2004年期间，男性对女性IRR最大的持续增长是扁桃体癌、口咽癌、皮肤癌（不包括基底癌和鳞状癌）和食道癌，而IRR最大的持续下降是唇癌、肺癌和支气管癌。男性与女性的IRR因年龄而有很大差异，其中扁桃体癌和肝细胞癌的最大增幅出现在40-59岁年龄段。与此同时，男性与女性IRR按年龄的最大降幅为30-49岁的甲状腺癌、年龄≥70岁的食管鳞状细胞癌和年龄≥30岁的肺癌和支气管癌。这些观察结果强调了性别在癌症发病机制中的重要性，并可能提出新的调查途径。
Cancer epidemiology manuscripts often point out that cancer rates tend to be higher among males than females, yet rarely is this theme the subject of investigation. We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program data to compute age-adjusted (2000 US standard population) sex-specific incidence rates and male-to-female incidence rate ratios (IRR) for specific cancer sites and histologies for the period 1975-2004. The ten cancers with the largest male-to-female IRR were Kaposi sarcoma (28.73), lip (7.16), larynx (5.17), mesothelioma (4.88), hypopharynx (4.13), urinary bladder (3.92), esophagus (3.49), tonsil (3.07), oropharynx (3.06) and other urinary organs (2.92). Only five cancers had a higher incidence in females compared to males: breast (0.01), peritoneum, omentum and mesentery (0.18), thyroid (0.39), gallbladder (0.57), and anus, anal canal and anorectum (0.81). Between 1975 and 2004, the largest consistent increases in male-to-female IRR were for cancers of the tonsil, oropharynx, skin excluding basal and squamous, and esophagus, while the largest consistent decreases in IRR were for cancers of the lip and lung and bronchus. Male-to-female IRRs varied considerably by age, the largest increases of which were for ages 40-59 years for tonsil cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. The largest decreases in male-to-female IRR by age, meanwhile, were for ages 30-49 years for thyroid cancer, ages ≥70 years for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and ages ≥30 years for lung and bronchus cancer. These observations emphasize the importance of sex in cancer etiopathogenesis and may suggest novel avenues of investigation.