“It’s Complicated”: Negotiating Accessibility and (Mis)Representation in Image Descriptions of Race, Gender, and Disability
“It’s Complicated”: Negotiating Accessibility and (Mis)Representation in Image Descriptions of Race, Gender, and Disability
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“这很复杂”：在种族、性别和残疾的图像描述中协商可访问性和（错误）表现
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Alexandra To
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cynthia L. Bennett;Cole Gleason;M. Scheuerman;Jeffrey P. Bigham;Anhong Guo;Alexandra To
内容创建者被要求编写视觉内容的文字描述以使其易于访问；然而，现有的指导方针缺乏关于如何写人的外表的具体细节，特别是在注意（错误）表现的后果的同时。在本文中，我们报告了对黑人、原住民、有色人种、非二元性别和/或跨性别者的屏幕阅读器用户的采访，了解他们当前的图像描述实践和偏好，以及以非视觉方式协商自己和他人外表的经历。我们讨论这些观点，以及人类和人工智能的道德规范，描述可能传达被拍照者的种族、性别和残疾的外观特征。反过来，我们分享了更仔细地描述外观的考虑因素，以及这些信息被认为是突出的背景。最后，我们提出了可访问性研究的张力和问题，以公平地考虑技术将嵌入的政治和生态系统，例如通过图像描述放大人类和人工智能偏见的潜在风险。
Content creators are instructed to write textual descriptions of visual content to make it accessible; yet existing guidelines lack specifics on how to write about people’s appearance, particularly while remaining mindful of consequences of (mis)representation. In this paper, we report on interviews with screen reader users who were also Black, Indigenous, People of Color, Non-binary, and/or Transgender on their current image description practices and preferences, and experiences negotiating theirs and others’ appearances non-visually. We discuss these perspectives, and the ethics of humans and AI describing appearance characteristics that may convey the race, gender, and disabilities of those photographed. In turn, we share considerations for more carefully describing appearance, and contexts in which such information is perceived salient. Finally, we offer tensions and questions for accessibility research to equitably consider politics and ecosystems in which technologies will embed, such as potential risks of human and AI biases amplifying through image descriptions.
BrowseWithMe：为视障人士提供的在线服装购物助手
DOI：
10.1145/3234695.3236337
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility
影响因子：
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作者：
Stangl, Abigale J.;Kothari, Esha;Jain, Suyog D.;Yeh, Tom;Grauman, Kristen;Gurari, Danna
通讯作者：
Gurari, Danna