The Subjective Visual Vertical and the Subjective Haptic Vertical Access Different Gravity Estimates
The Subjective Visual Vertical and the Subjective Haptic Vertical Access Different Gravity Estimates
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0145528
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发表时间：
2015-12-30
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Harris, Laurence R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fraser, Lindsey E.;Makooie, Bobbak;Harris, Laurence R.
主观视觉垂直（SVV）和主观触觉垂直（SHV）都声称要探索潜在的重力感知。然而，当身体侧倾时，这两种测量引起不同的误差模式，其中SVV通常变得偏向身体（A效应，以其发现者Hermann Rudolph Aubert命名），而SHV保持准确或变得偏离身体（E效应，Entgegengesetzt-effect的缩写，意思是“相反”，即，与A效应相反）。我们在一系列的五个实验中比较了这两种方法，并提供了证据表明，这两种方法可以获得两种不同但相关的重力垂直估计。实验1比较了SVV和SHV在三个水平的全身倾斜，并发现，SVV表现出A效应在较大的倾斜，而SHV是准确的。实验2发现，倾斜的头部或躯干独立产生的A-效应SVV，而SHV保持准确的头部倾斜时，直立的身体，但表现出A-效应时，身体倾斜低于直立的头部。实验3重复这些头/体配置中存在的前庭噪声诱导使用破坏性电前庭刺激（dGVS）。dGVS消除了SVV和SHV A效应，同时在SHV头部倾斜条件下引起了大量的E效应。实验4和5表明，SVV和SHV不联合收割机在一个最佳的统计方式，但当振动施加到颈部肌肉，整合成为最佳。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，SVV和SHV访问不同的基础重力感知主要是基于头部和身体的位置信息，分别与克莱门斯和同事提出的模型一致。
The subjective visual vertical (SVV) and the subjective haptic vertical (SHV) both claim to probe the underlying perception of gravity. However, when the body is roll tilted these two measures evoke different patterns of errors with SVV generally becoming biased towards the body (A-effect, named for its discoverer, Hermann Rudolph Aubert) and SHV remaining accurate or becoming biased away from the body (E-effect, short for Entgegengesetzt-effect, meaning "opposite", i.e., opposite to the A-effect). We compared the two methods in a series of five experiments and provide evidence that the two measures access two different but related estimates of gravitational vertical. Experiment 1 compared SVV and SHV across three levels of whole-body tilt and found that SVV showed an A-effect at larger tilts while SHV was accurate. Experiment 2 found that tilting either the head or the trunk independently produced an A-effect in SVV while SHV remained accurate when the head was tilted on an upright body but showed an A-effect when the body was tilted below an upright head. Experiment 3 repeated these head/body configurations in the presence of vestibular noise induced by using disruptive galvanic vestibular stimulation (dGVS). dGVS abolished both SVV and SHV A-effects while evoking a massive E-effect in the SHV head tilt condition. Experiments 4 and 5 show that SVV and SHV do not combine in an optimally statistical fashion, but when vibration is applied to the dorsal neck muscles, integration becomes optimal. Overall our results suggest that SVV and SHV access distinct underlying gravity percepts based primarily on head and body position information respectively, consistent with a model proposed by Clemens and colleagues.