Increasing salt tolerance in the tomato
Increasing salt tolerance in the tomato
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erj102
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Moreno, V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cuartero, J;Bolarín, MC;Moreno, V
在本文中，一些策略，以克服盐对植物的有害影响，这些策略包括使用分子标记和遗传转化的工具，以开发耐盐基因型，和一些栽培技术将进行综述。12年多来，人们一直在尝试QTL分析，以了解耐盐性的遗传学，并在育种计划中处理组分性状。尽管有更好的标记系统和改进的遗传作图策略等创新，但标记辅助选择的成功一直非常有限，部分原因是实验设计不足。由于盐度在时间和空间上是可变的，实验设计必须允许研究基因型与环境的相互作用。遗传转化技术是植物育种的有力工具，但植物生理学的发展必须与分子育种技术相结合。已经表明，几种转基因的表达促进了某些物种的更高水平的耐盐性。尽管这一有希望的结果，通过转基因的耐盐品种的发展仍然没有实现。为了克服目前的局限性，未来的方向提出了建议。三种栽培技术已被证明对番茄有效，可部分克服盐分的影响：用干旱或氯化钠处理幼苗，可改善成年植株对盐分的适应;在地中海条件下生长的番茄植株上喷洒薄雾，可改善盐分条件下的营养生长和产量;将番茄品种嫁接到适当的砧木上，可减少盐分的影响。
In this paper, a number of strategies to overcome the deleterious effects of salinity on plants will be reviewed; these strategies include using molecular markers and genetic transformation as tools to develop salinity-tolerant genotypes, and some cultural techniques. For more than 12 years, QTL analysis has been attempted in order to understand the genetics of salt tolerance and to deal with component traits in breeding programmes. Despite innovations like better marker systems and improved genetic mapping strategies, the success of marker-assisted selection has been very limited because, in part, of inadequate experimental design. Since salinity is variable in time and space, experimental design must allow the study of genotypexenvironment interaction. Genetic transformation could become a powerful tool in plant breeding, but the growing knowledge from plant physiology must be integrated with molecular breeding techniques. It has been shown that the expression of several transgenes promotes a higher level of salt tolerance in some species. Despite this promising result, the development of a salt-tolerant cultivar by way of transgenesis has still not been achieved. Future directions in order to overcome the present limitations are proposed. Three cultural techniques have proved useful in tomato to overcome, in part, the effects of salinity: treatment of seedlings with drought or NaCl ameliorates the adaptation of adult plants to salinity; mist applied to tomato plants grown in Mediterranean conditions improves vegetative growth and yield in saline conditions; and grafting tomato cultivars onto appropriate rootstocks could reduce the effects of salinity.