Seasonality and spatial heterogeneity of the surface ocean carbonate system in the northwest European continental shelf
Seasonality and spatial heterogeneity of the surface ocean carbonate system in the northwest European continental shelf
复制标题
西北欧洲大陆架表层海洋碳酸盐系统的季节性和空间异质性
DOI：
10.1016/j.pocean.2018.02.005
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Hartman S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hartman S
2014- 2015年，英国NERC赞助了一项为期18个月的陆架海洋生物地球化学研究计划，该计划收集了西北欧洲大陆架的1500多个营养和碳酸盐系统样本，这是地球上最大的大陆架之一。这涉及10个不同的研究所和大学的合作，使用6艘不同的船只。从三艘研究船上的航行系统中获得了额外的二氧化碳（CO2）数据。在这里，我们提出并讨论这些数据在9个生态流体动力学区域，改编自欧盟海洋战略框架指令（MSFD）所使用的。我们观察到强烈的季节性和区域性的变化，在大陆架周围的碳酸盐化学营养盐地球化学。虽然盐度增加（和碱度下降）从近岸沿海沃茨近海全年营养盐浓度随季节变化。DIC硝酸盐浓度的比例的空间和季节变化，可以影响碳循环。在大多数地区，特别是在凯尔特海的春季营养浓度和表面pCO 2的显着饱和度的下降是显而易见的。这种下降在利物浦湾和苏格兰北部不太明显，那里的营养浓度全年都是可测量的。近岸和相对较浅的生态系统，如东部的英吉利海峡和北海南部与热驱动的pCO 2增加到大气水平以上，在夏季和相关的pH值下降。非热过程（如混合和有机物质的矿化）占主导地位，在冬季在大多数地区，但特别是在苏格兰西北部和利物浦湾。收集的大型数据库将增进对西北欧大陆架碳酸盐化学与营养盐地球化学关系的了解，特别是在气候变化和海洋酸化的背景下。
In 2014–5 the UK NERC sponsored an 18 month long Shelf Sea Biogeochemistry research programme which collected over 1500 nutrient and carbonate system samples across the NW European Continental shelf, one of the largest continental shelves on the planet. This involved the cooperation of 10 different Institutes and Universities, using 6 different vessels. Additional carbon dioxide (CO2) data were obtained from the underway systems on three of the research vessels. Here, we present and discuss these data across 9 ecohydrodynamic regions, adapted from those used by the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). We observed strong seasonal and regional variability in carbonate chemistry around the shelf in relation to nutrient biogeochemistry. Whilst salinity increased (and alkalinity decreased) out from the near-shore coastal waters offshore throughout the year nutrient concentrations varied with season. Spatial and seasonal variations in the ratio of DIC to nitrate concentration were seen that could impact carbon cycling. A decrease in nutrient concentrations and a pronounced under-saturation of surface pCO2was evident in the spring in most regions, especially in the Celtic Sea. This decrease was less pronounced in Liverpool Bay and to the North of Scotland, where nutrient concentrations remained measurable throughout the year. The near-shore and relatively shallow ecosystems such as the eastern English Channel and southern North Sea were associated with a thermally driven increase in pCO2to above atmospheric levels in summer and an associated decrease in pH. Non-thermal processes (such as mixing and the remineralisation of organic material) dominated in winter in most regions but especially in the northwest of Scotland and in Liverpool Bay. The large database collected will improve understanding of carbonate chemistry over the North-Western European Shelf in relation to nutrient biogeochemistry, particularly in the context of climate change and ocean acidification.
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